Non-AUG translation initiation in mammals

Recent proteogenomic studies revealed extensive translation outside of annotated protein coding regions, such as non-coding RNAs and untranslated regions of mRNAs. This non-canonical translation is largely due to start codon plurality within the same RNA. This plurality is often due to the failure o...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Andreev, Dmitry E., Loughran, Gary, Fedorova, Alla D., Mikhaylova, Maria S., Shatsky, Ivan N., Baranov, Pavel V.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: BioMed Central 2022
Materias:
Review
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9082881/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35534899
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13059-022-02674-2
Descripción
Sumario:Recent proteogenomic studies revealed extensive translation outside of annotated protein coding regions, such as non-coding RNAs and untranslated regions of mRNAs. This non-canonical translation is largely due to start codon plurality within the same RNA. This plurality is often due to the failure of some scanning ribosomes to recognize potential start codons leading to initiation downstream—a process termed leaky scanning. Codons other than AUG (non-AUG) are particularly leaky due to their inefficiency. Here we discuss our current understanding of non-AUG initiation. We argue for a near-ubiquitous role of non-AUG initiation in shaping the dynamic composition of mammalian proteomes. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13059-022-02674-2.

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