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Elapsed time since BNT162b2 vaccine and risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection: test negative design study

OBJECTIVES: To determine whether time elapsed since the second injection of the Pfizer-BioNTech BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine was significantly associated with the risk of covid-19 infection after vaccination in people who received two vaccine injections. DESIGN: Test negative design study. SETTING: Electro...

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Autores principales: Israel, Ariel, Merzon, Eugene, Schäffer, Alejandro A, Shenhar, Yotam, Green, Ilan, Golan-Cohen, Avivit, Ruppin, Eytan, Magen, Eli, Vinker, Shlomo
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: BMJ Publishing Group Ltd. 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9083235/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34819275
http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj-2021-067873
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author Israel, Ariel
Merzon, Eugene
Schäffer, Alejandro A
Shenhar, Yotam
Green, Ilan
Golan-Cohen, Avivit
Ruppin, Eytan
Magen, Eli
Vinker, Shlomo
author_facet Israel, Ariel
Merzon, Eugene
Schäffer, Alejandro A
Shenhar, Yotam
Green, Ilan
Golan-Cohen, Avivit
Ruppin, Eytan
Magen, Eli
Vinker, Shlomo
author_sort Israel, Ariel
collection PubMed
description OBJECTIVES: To determine whether time elapsed since the second injection of the Pfizer-BioNTech BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine was significantly associated with the risk of covid-19 infection after vaccination in people who received two vaccine injections. DESIGN: Test negative design study. SETTING: Electronic health records of a large state mandated healthcare organisation, Israel. PARTICIPANTS: Adults aged ≥18 years who had received a reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) test between 15 May 2021 and 17 September 2021, at least three weeks after their second vaccine injection, had not received a third vaccine injection, and had no history of covid-19 infection. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Positive result for the RT-PCR test. Individuals who tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 and controls were matched for week of testing, age category, and demographic group (ultra-orthodox Jews, individuals of Arab ancestry, and the general population). Conditional logistic regression was adjusted for age, sex, socioeconomic status, and comorbid conditions. RESULTS: 83 057 adults received an RT-PCR test for SARS-CoV-2 during the study period and 9.6% had a positive result. Time elapsed since the vaccine injection was significantly longer in individuals who tested positive (P<0.001). Adjusted odds ratio for infection at time intervals >90 days since vaccination were significantly increased compared with the reference of <90 days: 2.37 (95% confidence interval 1.67 to 3.36) for 90-119 days, 2.66 (1.94 to 3.66) for 120-149 days, 2.82 (2.07 to 3.84) for 150-179 days, and 2.82 (2.07 to 3.85) for ≥180 days (P<0.001 for each 30 day interval). CONCLUSIONS: In this large population of adults tested for SARS-CoV-2 by RT-PCR after two doses of mRNA BNT162b2 vaccine, a gradual increase in the risk of infection was seen for individuals who received their second vaccine dose after at least 90 days.
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spelling pubmed-90832352022-05-11 Elapsed time since BNT162b2 vaccine and risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection: test negative design study Israel, Ariel Merzon, Eugene Schäffer, Alejandro A Shenhar, Yotam Green, Ilan Golan-Cohen, Avivit Ruppin, Eytan Magen, Eli Vinker, Shlomo BMJ Research OBJECTIVES: To determine whether time elapsed since the second injection of the Pfizer-BioNTech BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine was significantly associated with the risk of covid-19 infection after vaccination in people who received two vaccine injections. DESIGN: Test negative design study. SETTING: Electronic health records of a large state mandated healthcare organisation, Israel. PARTICIPANTS: Adults aged ≥18 years who had received a reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) test between 15 May 2021 and 17 September 2021, at least three weeks after their second vaccine injection, had not received a third vaccine injection, and had no history of covid-19 infection. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Positive result for the RT-PCR test. Individuals who tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 and controls were matched for week of testing, age category, and demographic group (ultra-orthodox Jews, individuals of Arab ancestry, and the general population). Conditional logistic regression was adjusted for age, sex, socioeconomic status, and comorbid conditions. RESULTS: 83 057 adults received an RT-PCR test for SARS-CoV-2 during the study period and 9.6% had a positive result. Time elapsed since the vaccine injection was significantly longer in individuals who tested positive (P<0.001). Adjusted odds ratio for infection at time intervals >90 days since vaccination were significantly increased compared with the reference of <90 days: 2.37 (95% confidence interval 1.67 to 3.36) for 90-119 days, 2.66 (1.94 to 3.66) for 120-149 days, 2.82 (2.07 to 3.84) for 150-179 days, and 2.82 (2.07 to 3.85) for ≥180 days (P<0.001 for each 30 day interval). CONCLUSIONS: In this large population of adults tested for SARS-CoV-2 by RT-PCR after two doses of mRNA BNT162b2 vaccine, a gradual increase in the risk of infection was seen for individuals who received their second vaccine dose after at least 90 days. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd. 2021-11-25 /pmc/articles/PMC9083235/ /pubmed/34819275 http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj-2021-067873 Text en © Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2019. Re-use permitted under CC BY-NC. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/This is an Open Access article distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) .
spellingShingle Research
Israel, Ariel
Merzon, Eugene
Schäffer, Alejandro A
Shenhar, Yotam
Green, Ilan
Golan-Cohen, Avivit
Ruppin, Eytan
Magen, Eli
Vinker, Shlomo
Elapsed time since BNT162b2 vaccine and risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection: test negative design study
title Elapsed time since BNT162b2 vaccine and risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection: test negative design study
title_full Elapsed time since BNT162b2 vaccine and risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection: test negative design study
title_fullStr Elapsed time since BNT162b2 vaccine and risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection: test negative design study
title_full_unstemmed Elapsed time since BNT162b2 vaccine and risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection: test negative design study
title_short Elapsed time since BNT162b2 vaccine and risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection: test negative design study
title_sort elapsed time since bnt162b2 vaccine and risk of sars-cov-2 infection: test negative design study
topic Research
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9083235/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34819275
http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj-2021-067873
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