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Modeling the consequences of the dikaryotic life cycle of mushroom-forming fungi on genomic conflict

Generally, sexual organisms contain two haploid genomes, one from each parent, united in a single diploid nucleus of the zygote which links their fate during growth. A fascinating exception to this is Basidiomycete fungi, where the two haploid genomes remain separate in a dikaryon, retaining the opt...

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Autores principales: Auxier, Benjamin, Czárán, Tamás L, Aanen, Duur K
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: eLife Sciences Publications, Ltd 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9084891/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35441591
http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.75917
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author Auxier, Benjamin
Czárán, Tamás L
Aanen, Duur K
author_facet Auxier, Benjamin
Czárán, Tamás L
Aanen, Duur K
author_sort Auxier, Benjamin
collection PubMed
description Generally, sexual organisms contain two haploid genomes, one from each parent, united in a single diploid nucleus of the zygote which links their fate during growth. A fascinating exception to this is Basidiomycete fungi, where the two haploid genomes remain separate in a dikaryon, retaining the option to fertilize subsequent monokaryons encountered. How the ensuing nuclear competition influences the balance of selection within and between individuals is largely unexplored. We test the consequences of the dikaryotic life cycle for mating success and mycelium-level fitness components. We assume a trade-off between mating fitness at the level of the haploid nucleus and fitness of the fungal mycelium. We show that the maintenance of fertilization potential by dikaryons leads to a higher proportion of fertilized monokaryons, but that the ensuing intradikaryon selection for increased nuclear mating fitness leads to reduced mycelium fitness relative to a diploid life cycle. However, this fitness reduction is lower compared to a hypothetical life cycle where dikaryons can also exchange nuclei. Prohibition of fusion between dikaryons therefore reduces the level of nuclear parasitism. The number of loci influencing fitness is an important determinant of the degree to which average mycelium-level fitness is reduced. The results of this study crucially hinge upon a trade-off between nucleus and mycelium-level fitness. We discuss the evidence for this assumption and the implications of an alternative that there is a positive relationship between nucleus and mycelium-level fitness.
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spelling pubmed-90848912022-05-10 Modeling the consequences of the dikaryotic life cycle of mushroom-forming fungi on genomic conflict Auxier, Benjamin Czárán, Tamás L Aanen, Duur K eLife Evolutionary Biology Generally, sexual organisms contain two haploid genomes, one from each parent, united in a single diploid nucleus of the zygote which links their fate during growth. A fascinating exception to this is Basidiomycete fungi, where the two haploid genomes remain separate in a dikaryon, retaining the option to fertilize subsequent monokaryons encountered. How the ensuing nuclear competition influences the balance of selection within and between individuals is largely unexplored. We test the consequences of the dikaryotic life cycle for mating success and mycelium-level fitness components. We assume a trade-off between mating fitness at the level of the haploid nucleus and fitness of the fungal mycelium. We show that the maintenance of fertilization potential by dikaryons leads to a higher proportion of fertilized monokaryons, but that the ensuing intradikaryon selection for increased nuclear mating fitness leads to reduced mycelium fitness relative to a diploid life cycle. However, this fitness reduction is lower compared to a hypothetical life cycle where dikaryons can also exchange nuclei. Prohibition of fusion between dikaryons therefore reduces the level of nuclear parasitism. The number of loci influencing fitness is an important determinant of the degree to which average mycelium-level fitness is reduced. The results of this study crucially hinge upon a trade-off between nucleus and mycelium-level fitness. We discuss the evidence for this assumption and the implications of an alternative that there is a positive relationship between nucleus and mycelium-level fitness. eLife Sciences Publications, Ltd 2022-04-20 /pmc/articles/PMC9084891/ /pubmed/35441591 http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.75917 Text en © 2022, Auxier et al https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use and redistribution provided that the original author and source are credited.
spellingShingle Evolutionary Biology
Auxier, Benjamin
Czárán, Tamás L
Aanen, Duur K
Modeling the consequences of the dikaryotic life cycle of mushroom-forming fungi on genomic conflict
title Modeling the consequences of the dikaryotic life cycle of mushroom-forming fungi on genomic conflict
title_full Modeling the consequences of the dikaryotic life cycle of mushroom-forming fungi on genomic conflict
title_fullStr Modeling the consequences of the dikaryotic life cycle of mushroom-forming fungi on genomic conflict
title_full_unstemmed Modeling the consequences of the dikaryotic life cycle of mushroom-forming fungi on genomic conflict
title_short Modeling the consequences of the dikaryotic life cycle of mushroom-forming fungi on genomic conflict
title_sort modeling the consequences of the dikaryotic life cycle of mushroom-forming fungi on genomic conflict
topic Evolutionary Biology
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9084891/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35441591
http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.75917
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