Cargando…
Vaccination With a Gamma Irradiation-Inactivated African Swine Fever Virus Is Safe But Does Not Protect Against a Challenge
African swine fever (ASF) is among the most devastating viral diseases of pigs and wild boar worldwide. In recent years, the disease has spread alarmingly. Despite intensive research activities, a commercialized vaccine is still not available, and efficacious live attenuated vaccine candidates raise...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , |
---|---|
Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Frontiers Media S.A.
2022
|
Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9088005/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35558083 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2022.832264 |
_version_ | 1784704277757820928 |
---|---|
author | Pikalo, Jutta Porfiri, Luca Akimkin, Valerij Roszyk, Hanna Pannhorst, Katrin Kangethe, Richard Thiga Wijewardana, Viskam Sehl-Ewert, Julia Beer, Martin Cattoli, Giovanni Blome, Sandra |
author_facet | Pikalo, Jutta Porfiri, Luca Akimkin, Valerij Roszyk, Hanna Pannhorst, Katrin Kangethe, Richard Thiga Wijewardana, Viskam Sehl-Ewert, Julia Beer, Martin Cattoli, Giovanni Blome, Sandra |
author_sort | Pikalo, Jutta |
collection | PubMed |
description | African swine fever (ASF) is among the most devastating viral diseases of pigs and wild boar worldwide. In recent years, the disease has spread alarmingly. Despite intensive research activities, a commercialized vaccine is still not available, and efficacious live attenuated vaccine candidates raise safety concerns. From a safety perspective, inactivated preparations would be most favourable. However, both historical and more recent trials with chemical inactivation did not show an appreciable protective effect. Under the assumption that the integrity of viral particles could enhance presentation of antigens, we used gamma irradiation for inactivation. To this means, gamma irradiated ASFV “Estonia 2014” was adjuvanted with either Polygen™ or Montanide™ ISA 201 VG, respectively. Subsequently, five weaner pigs per preparation were immunized twice with a three-week interval. Six weeks after the first immunization, all animals were challenged with the highly virulent ASFV strain “Armenia 2008”. Although ASFV p72-specific IgG antibodies were detectable in all vaccinated animals prior challenge, no protection could be observed. All animals developed an acute lethal course of ASF and had to be euthanized at a moderate humane endpoint within six days. Indeed, the vaccinated pigs showed even higher clinical scores and a higher inner body temperature than the control group. However, significantly lower viral loads were detectable in spleen and liver of immunized animals at the time point of euthanasia. This phenomenon suggests an immune mediated disease enhancement that needs further investigation. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9088005 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-90880052022-05-11 Vaccination With a Gamma Irradiation-Inactivated African Swine Fever Virus Is Safe But Does Not Protect Against a Challenge Pikalo, Jutta Porfiri, Luca Akimkin, Valerij Roszyk, Hanna Pannhorst, Katrin Kangethe, Richard Thiga Wijewardana, Viskam Sehl-Ewert, Julia Beer, Martin Cattoli, Giovanni Blome, Sandra Front Immunol Immunology African swine fever (ASF) is among the most devastating viral diseases of pigs and wild boar worldwide. In recent years, the disease has spread alarmingly. Despite intensive research activities, a commercialized vaccine is still not available, and efficacious live attenuated vaccine candidates raise safety concerns. From a safety perspective, inactivated preparations would be most favourable. However, both historical and more recent trials with chemical inactivation did not show an appreciable protective effect. Under the assumption that the integrity of viral particles could enhance presentation of antigens, we used gamma irradiation for inactivation. To this means, gamma irradiated ASFV “Estonia 2014” was adjuvanted with either Polygen™ or Montanide™ ISA 201 VG, respectively. Subsequently, five weaner pigs per preparation were immunized twice with a three-week interval. Six weeks after the first immunization, all animals were challenged with the highly virulent ASFV strain “Armenia 2008”. Although ASFV p72-specific IgG antibodies were detectable in all vaccinated animals prior challenge, no protection could be observed. All animals developed an acute lethal course of ASF and had to be euthanized at a moderate humane endpoint within six days. Indeed, the vaccinated pigs showed even higher clinical scores and a higher inner body temperature than the control group. However, significantly lower viral loads were detectable in spleen and liver of immunized animals at the time point of euthanasia. This phenomenon suggests an immune mediated disease enhancement that needs further investigation. Frontiers Media S.A. 2022-04-26 /pmc/articles/PMC9088005/ /pubmed/35558083 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2022.832264 Text en Copyright © 2022 Pikalo, Porfiri, Akimkin, Roszyk, Pannhorst, Kangethe, Wijewardana, Sehl-Ewert, Beer, Cattoli and Blome https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. |
spellingShingle | Immunology Pikalo, Jutta Porfiri, Luca Akimkin, Valerij Roszyk, Hanna Pannhorst, Katrin Kangethe, Richard Thiga Wijewardana, Viskam Sehl-Ewert, Julia Beer, Martin Cattoli, Giovanni Blome, Sandra Vaccination With a Gamma Irradiation-Inactivated African Swine Fever Virus Is Safe But Does Not Protect Against a Challenge |
title | Vaccination With a Gamma Irradiation-Inactivated African Swine Fever Virus Is Safe But Does Not Protect Against a Challenge |
title_full | Vaccination With a Gamma Irradiation-Inactivated African Swine Fever Virus Is Safe But Does Not Protect Against a Challenge |
title_fullStr | Vaccination With a Gamma Irradiation-Inactivated African Swine Fever Virus Is Safe But Does Not Protect Against a Challenge |
title_full_unstemmed | Vaccination With a Gamma Irradiation-Inactivated African Swine Fever Virus Is Safe But Does Not Protect Against a Challenge |
title_short | Vaccination With a Gamma Irradiation-Inactivated African Swine Fever Virus Is Safe But Does Not Protect Against a Challenge |
title_sort | vaccination with a gamma irradiation-inactivated african swine fever virus is safe but does not protect against a challenge |
topic | Immunology |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9088005/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35558083 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2022.832264 |
work_keys_str_mv | AT pikalojutta vaccinationwithagammairradiationinactivatedafricanswinefevervirusissafebutdoesnotprotectagainstachallenge AT porfiriluca vaccinationwithagammairradiationinactivatedafricanswinefevervirusissafebutdoesnotprotectagainstachallenge AT akimkinvalerij vaccinationwithagammairradiationinactivatedafricanswinefevervirusissafebutdoesnotprotectagainstachallenge AT roszykhanna vaccinationwithagammairradiationinactivatedafricanswinefevervirusissafebutdoesnotprotectagainstachallenge AT pannhorstkatrin vaccinationwithagammairradiationinactivatedafricanswinefevervirusissafebutdoesnotprotectagainstachallenge AT kangetherichardthiga vaccinationwithagammairradiationinactivatedafricanswinefevervirusissafebutdoesnotprotectagainstachallenge AT wijewardanaviskam vaccinationwithagammairradiationinactivatedafricanswinefevervirusissafebutdoesnotprotectagainstachallenge AT sehlewertjulia vaccinationwithagammairradiationinactivatedafricanswinefevervirusissafebutdoesnotprotectagainstachallenge AT beermartin vaccinationwithagammairradiationinactivatedafricanswinefevervirusissafebutdoesnotprotectagainstachallenge AT cattoligiovanni vaccinationwithagammairradiationinactivatedafricanswinefevervirusissafebutdoesnotprotectagainstachallenge AT blomesandra vaccinationwithagammairradiationinactivatedafricanswinefevervirusissafebutdoesnotprotectagainstachallenge |