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Elevated Circulatory Proline to Glutamine Ratio (PQR) in Endometriosis and Its Potential as a Diagnostic Biomarker

[Image: see text] Endometriosis (EM) is a hormone-dependent gynecological disease associated with chronic pelvic pain and altered immuno-inflammatory processes. It shares some cancer-like characteristics such as increased proline biosynthesis and activated glutaminolysis. Both proline and glutamine...

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Autores principales: Kusum, Kusum, Raj, Ritu, Rai, Sangeeta, Pranjali, Pranjali, Ashish, Ashish, Vicente-Muñoz, Sara, Chaube, Radha, Kumar, Dinesh
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: American Chemical Society 2022
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9088897/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35557708
http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acsomega.2c00332
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author Kusum, Kusum
Raj, Ritu
Rai, Sangeeta
Pranjali, Pranjali
Ashish, Ashish
Vicente-Muñoz, Sara
Chaube, Radha
Kumar, Dinesh
author_facet Kusum, Kusum
Raj, Ritu
Rai, Sangeeta
Pranjali, Pranjali
Ashish, Ashish
Vicente-Muñoz, Sara
Chaube, Radha
Kumar, Dinesh
author_sort Kusum, Kusum
collection PubMed
description [Image: see text] Endometriosis (EM) is a hormone-dependent gynecological disease associated with chronic pelvic pain and altered immuno-inflammatory processes. It shares some cancer-like characteristics such as increased proline biosynthesis and activated glutaminolysis. Both proline and glutamine are interconvertible metabolically, and studies have shown their roles in cancer cell metabolic reprogramming, redox homeostasis, occurrence/development of endometrial carcinoma, and its further progression toward the malignant state. So based on this, we hypothesized that the circulatory proline to glutamine ratio (PQR) would be altered in EM and may serve as an indicative biomarker to improve the clinical diagnosis of EM. In present study, the circulatory-PQR levels were estimated for 39 EM patients and 48 age matched healthy female subjects using 800 MHz NMR spectroscopy. Among 39 EM patients, 15 were in the clinical stages I to II and referred to here as moderate EM (MEM) patients and 24 were in the clinical stages III to IV and referred here as severe EM (SEM) patients. The circulatory-PQR levels were significantly increased in EM patients (0.99 ± 0.13 μM in MEM; 1.39 ± 0.22 μM in SEM) compared to normal control (NC) subjects (0.52 ± 0.05 μM in NC). Further, the circulatory PQR levels exhibit the highest diagnostic potential with area under receiver operating characteristic (AUROC) curve values equal to 0.87 ± 0.04 [95%CI = 0.79–0.96] for MEM and 0.89 ± 0.04 [95% CI = 0.82–0.96] for SEM. These results suggested that circulatory-PQR has significant potential to serve as a noninvasive biomarker for diagnostic/prognostic screening of EM and further underscored the importance of these two nonessential amino acids (proline and glutamine) in cancer metabolism.
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spelling pubmed-90888972022-05-11 Elevated Circulatory Proline to Glutamine Ratio (PQR) in Endometriosis and Its Potential as a Diagnostic Biomarker Kusum, Kusum Raj, Ritu Rai, Sangeeta Pranjali, Pranjali Ashish, Ashish Vicente-Muñoz, Sara Chaube, Radha Kumar, Dinesh ACS Omega [Image: see text] Endometriosis (EM) is a hormone-dependent gynecological disease associated with chronic pelvic pain and altered immuno-inflammatory processes. It shares some cancer-like characteristics such as increased proline biosynthesis and activated glutaminolysis. Both proline and glutamine are interconvertible metabolically, and studies have shown their roles in cancer cell metabolic reprogramming, redox homeostasis, occurrence/development of endometrial carcinoma, and its further progression toward the malignant state. So based on this, we hypothesized that the circulatory proline to glutamine ratio (PQR) would be altered in EM and may serve as an indicative biomarker to improve the clinical diagnosis of EM. In present study, the circulatory-PQR levels were estimated for 39 EM patients and 48 age matched healthy female subjects using 800 MHz NMR spectroscopy. Among 39 EM patients, 15 were in the clinical stages I to II and referred to here as moderate EM (MEM) patients and 24 were in the clinical stages III to IV and referred here as severe EM (SEM) patients. The circulatory-PQR levels were significantly increased in EM patients (0.99 ± 0.13 μM in MEM; 1.39 ± 0.22 μM in SEM) compared to normal control (NC) subjects (0.52 ± 0.05 μM in NC). Further, the circulatory PQR levels exhibit the highest diagnostic potential with area under receiver operating characteristic (AUROC) curve values equal to 0.87 ± 0.04 [95%CI = 0.79–0.96] for MEM and 0.89 ± 0.04 [95% CI = 0.82–0.96] for SEM. These results suggested that circulatory-PQR has significant potential to serve as a noninvasive biomarker for diagnostic/prognostic screening of EM and further underscored the importance of these two nonessential amino acids (proline and glutamine) in cancer metabolism. American Chemical Society 2022-04-19 /pmc/articles/PMC9088897/ /pubmed/35557708 http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acsomega.2c00332 Text en © 2022 The Authors. Published by American Chemical Society https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/Permits non-commercial access and re-use, provided that author attribution and integrity are maintained; but does not permit creation of adaptations or other derivative works (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).
spellingShingle Kusum, Kusum
Raj, Ritu
Rai, Sangeeta
Pranjali, Pranjali
Ashish, Ashish
Vicente-Muñoz, Sara
Chaube, Radha
Kumar, Dinesh
Elevated Circulatory Proline to Glutamine Ratio (PQR) in Endometriosis and Its Potential as a Diagnostic Biomarker
title Elevated Circulatory Proline to Glutamine Ratio (PQR) in Endometriosis and Its Potential as a Diagnostic Biomarker
title_full Elevated Circulatory Proline to Glutamine Ratio (PQR) in Endometriosis and Its Potential as a Diagnostic Biomarker
title_fullStr Elevated Circulatory Proline to Glutamine Ratio (PQR) in Endometriosis and Its Potential as a Diagnostic Biomarker
title_full_unstemmed Elevated Circulatory Proline to Glutamine Ratio (PQR) in Endometriosis and Its Potential as a Diagnostic Biomarker
title_short Elevated Circulatory Proline to Glutamine Ratio (PQR) in Endometriosis and Its Potential as a Diagnostic Biomarker
title_sort elevated circulatory proline to glutamine ratio (pqr) in endometriosis and its potential as a diagnostic biomarker
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9088897/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35557708
http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acsomega.2c00332
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