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Risk assessment of urban yellow fever virus transmission in Kenya: is Aedes aegypti an efficient vector?

The absence of urban yellow fever epidemics in East Africa remains a mystery amidst the proliferation of Aedes aegypti in this region. To understand the transmission dynamics of the disease, we tested urban (Mombasa, Kisumu, and Nairobi) Aedes mosquito populations in Kenya for their susceptibility t...

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Autores principales: Agha, Sheila B., Tchouassi, David P., Turell, Michael J., Bastos, Armanda D.S., Sang, Rosemary
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Taylor & Francis 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9090368/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35387573
http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/22221751.2022.2063762
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author Agha, Sheila B.
Tchouassi, David P.
Turell, Michael J.
Bastos, Armanda D.S.
Sang, Rosemary
author_facet Agha, Sheila B.
Tchouassi, David P.
Turell, Michael J.
Bastos, Armanda D.S.
Sang, Rosemary
author_sort Agha, Sheila B.
collection PubMed
description The absence of urban yellow fever epidemics in East Africa remains a mystery amidst the proliferation of Aedes aegypti in this region. To understand the transmission dynamics of the disease, we tested urban (Mombasa, Kisumu, and Nairobi) Aedes mosquito populations in Kenya for their susceptibility to an East African yellow fever virus (YFV) genotype. Overall, 22% (n = 805) of the Ae. aegypti that were orally challenged with an infectious dose of YFV had a midgut infection, with comparable rates for Mombasa and Kisumu (χ(2 )= 0.35, df = 1, P = 0.55), but significantly lower rates for Nairobi (χ(2) ≥ 11.08, df = 1, P ≤ 0.0009). Variations in YFV susceptibility (midgut infection) among Ae. aegypti subspecies were not associated with discernable cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 gene haplotypes. Remarkably, no YFV dissemination or transmission was observed among the orally challenged Ae. aegypti populations. Moreover, Ae. aegypti mosquitoes that were intrathoracically inoculated with YFV failed to transmit the virus via capillary feeding. In contrast, dissemination (oral exposure) and transmission (intrathoracic inoculation) of YFV was observed among a few peri-domestic Ae. bromeliae mosquitoes (n = 129) that were assessed from these urban areas. Our study highlights an inefficient urban Ae. aegypti population, and the potential for Ae. bromeliae in sustaining an urban YFV transmission in Kenya. An assessment of urban Ae. aegypti susceptibility to other YFV genotypes, and vector potential of urban Ae. bromeliae populations in Kenya is recommended to guide cost-effective vaccination.
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spelling pubmed-90903682022-05-11 Risk assessment of urban yellow fever virus transmission in Kenya: is Aedes aegypti an efficient vector? Agha, Sheila B. Tchouassi, David P. Turell, Michael J. Bastos, Armanda D.S. Sang, Rosemary Emerg Microbes Infect Research Article The absence of urban yellow fever epidemics in East Africa remains a mystery amidst the proliferation of Aedes aegypti in this region. To understand the transmission dynamics of the disease, we tested urban (Mombasa, Kisumu, and Nairobi) Aedes mosquito populations in Kenya for their susceptibility to an East African yellow fever virus (YFV) genotype. Overall, 22% (n = 805) of the Ae. aegypti that were orally challenged with an infectious dose of YFV had a midgut infection, with comparable rates for Mombasa and Kisumu (χ(2 )= 0.35, df = 1, P = 0.55), but significantly lower rates for Nairobi (χ(2) ≥ 11.08, df = 1, P ≤ 0.0009). Variations in YFV susceptibility (midgut infection) among Ae. aegypti subspecies were not associated with discernable cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 gene haplotypes. Remarkably, no YFV dissemination or transmission was observed among the orally challenged Ae. aegypti populations. Moreover, Ae. aegypti mosquitoes that were intrathoracically inoculated with YFV failed to transmit the virus via capillary feeding. In contrast, dissemination (oral exposure) and transmission (intrathoracic inoculation) of YFV was observed among a few peri-domestic Ae. bromeliae mosquitoes (n = 129) that were assessed from these urban areas. Our study highlights an inefficient urban Ae. aegypti population, and the potential for Ae. bromeliae in sustaining an urban YFV transmission in Kenya. An assessment of urban Ae. aegypti susceptibility to other YFV genotypes, and vector potential of urban Ae. bromeliae populations in Kenya is recommended to guide cost-effective vaccination. Taylor & Francis 2022-05-05 /pmc/articles/PMC9090368/ /pubmed/35387573 http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/22221751.2022.2063762 Text en © 2022 The Author(s). Published by Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) ), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Research Article
Agha, Sheila B.
Tchouassi, David P.
Turell, Michael J.
Bastos, Armanda D.S.
Sang, Rosemary
Risk assessment of urban yellow fever virus transmission in Kenya: is Aedes aegypti an efficient vector?
title Risk assessment of urban yellow fever virus transmission in Kenya: is Aedes aegypti an efficient vector?
title_full Risk assessment of urban yellow fever virus transmission in Kenya: is Aedes aegypti an efficient vector?
title_fullStr Risk assessment of urban yellow fever virus transmission in Kenya: is Aedes aegypti an efficient vector?
title_full_unstemmed Risk assessment of urban yellow fever virus transmission in Kenya: is Aedes aegypti an efficient vector?
title_short Risk assessment of urban yellow fever virus transmission in Kenya: is Aedes aegypti an efficient vector?
title_sort risk assessment of urban yellow fever virus transmission in kenya: is aedes aegypti an efficient vector?
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9090368/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35387573
http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/22221751.2022.2063762
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