Cargando…

Giardia duodenalis in patients with diarrhea and various animals in northeastern China: prevalence and multilocus genetic characterization

BACKGROUND: Giardia duodenalis is a common parasitic diarrheal agent in humans, especially in developing countries. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence and multilocus genetic characterization of G. duodenalis in patients with diarrhea and animals in northeastern China, and to ass...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Wu, Yanchen, Yao, Lan, Chen, Hongshuang, Zhang, Weizhe, Jiang, Yanyan, Yang, Fengkun, Liu, Aiqin, Shen, Yujuan
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: BioMed Central 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9097065/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35546681
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13071-022-05269-9
_version_ 1784706101988556800
author Wu, Yanchen
Yao, Lan
Chen, Hongshuang
Zhang, Weizhe
Jiang, Yanyan
Yang, Fengkun
Liu, Aiqin
Shen, Yujuan
author_facet Wu, Yanchen
Yao, Lan
Chen, Hongshuang
Zhang, Weizhe
Jiang, Yanyan
Yang, Fengkun
Liu, Aiqin
Shen, Yujuan
author_sort Wu, Yanchen
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: Giardia duodenalis is a common parasitic diarrheal agent in humans, especially in developing countries. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence and multilocus genetic characterization of G. duodenalis in patients with diarrhea and animals in northeastern China, and to assess the epidemiological role of animals in the transmission of human giardiasis. METHODS: A total of 1739 fecal specimens from 413 diarrheal patients and 1326 animals comprising 16 mammal species were collected in Heilongjiang Province of China and screened for G. duodenalis by PCR and sequencing of the SSU rRNA gene. All G. duodenalis-positive specimens were subtyped by PCR and sequencing of the bg, tpi, and gdh genes. To detect additional mixed infections of different assemblages, assemblage A/B/E-specific PCRs were performed to amplify the tpi gene. RESULTS: Sequence analysis of the SSU rRNA gene determined the prevalence of G. duodenalis (5.81%, 24/413) in diarrheal patients, with a peak in minors aged 5–17 years, and identified assemblages A and B. MLG-AII and MLG-B1 were obtained based on concatenated nucleotide sequences of the bg, tpi, and gdh genes, with MLG-AII being identical to a cat-derived isolate reported previously. By sequence analysis of the SSU rRNA gene, G. duodenalis was detected in 214 (16.14%) animals belonging to 11 mammal species, with the prevalence ranging from 1.69 to 53.85%, and assemblages A to G were identified. Sequence analysis of the bg, tpi, and gdh genes from 46 specimens produced 31 MLGs, including MLG-AI (n = 1), MLG-B2–B8 (n = 18), and MLG-E1–E23 (n = 27). CONCLUSIONS: The finding of G. duodenalis in diarrheal patients enhances consciousness of detecting G. duodenalis in clinical practice and emphasizes the importance of health education in local inhabitants, especially in the age group of 5–17 years. The identification of seven assemblages (A to G) and 33 MLGs reveals genetic heterogeneity of G. duodenalis in the investigated areas. Due to insufficient homology data on the zoonotic transmission of G. duodenalis, the precise epidemiological role that animals play in the transmission of human giardiasis needs to be assessed by more large-scale molecular epidemiological investigations of local humans and animals. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT: [Image: see text] SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13071-022-05269-9.
format Online
Article
Text
id pubmed-9097065
institution National Center for Biotechnology Information
language English
publishDate 2022
publisher BioMed Central
record_format MEDLINE/PubMed
spelling pubmed-90970652022-05-13 Giardia duodenalis in patients with diarrhea and various animals in northeastern China: prevalence and multilocus genetic characterization Wu, Yanchen Yao, Lan Chen, Hongshuang Zhang, Weizhe Jiang, Yanyan Yang, Fengkun Liu, Aiqin Shen, Yujuan Parasit Vectors Research BACKGROUND: Giardia duodenalis is a common parasitic diarrheal agent in humans, especially in developing countries. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence and multilocus genetic characterization of G. duodenalis in patients with diarrhea and animals in northeastern China, and to assess the epidemiological role of animals in the transmission of human giardiasis. METHODS: A total of 1739 fecal specimens from 413 diarrheal patients and 1326 animals comprising 16 mammal species were collected in Heilongjiang Province of China and screened for G. duodenalis by PCR and sequencing of the SSU rRNA gene. All G. duodenalis-positive specimens were subtyped by PCR and sequencing of the bg, tpi, and gdh genes. To detect additional mixed infections of different assemblages, assemblage A/B/E-specific PCRs were performed to amplify the tpi gene. RESULTS: Sequence analysis of the SSU rRNA gene determined the prevalence of G. duodenalis (5.81%, 24/413) in diarrheal patients, with a peak in minors aged 5–17 years, and identified assemblages A and B. MLG-AII and MLG-B1 were obtained based on concatenated nucleotide sequences of the bg, tpi, and gdh genes, with MLG-AII being identical to a cat-derived isolate reported previously. By sequence analysis of the SSU rRNA gene, G. duodenalis was detected in 214 (16.14%) animals belonging to 11 mammal species, with the prevalence ranging from 1.69 to 53.85%, and assemblages A to G were identified. Sequence analysis of the bg, tpi, and gdh genes from 46 specimens produced 31 MLGs, including MLG-AI (n = 1), MLG-B2–B8 (n = 18), and MLG-E1–E23 (n = 27). CONCLUSIONS: The finding of G. duodenalis in diarrheal patients enhances consciousness of detecting G. duodenalis in clinical practice and emphasizes the importance of health education in local inhabitants, especially in the age group of 5–17 years. The identification of seven assemblages (A to G) and 33 MLGs reveals genetic heterogeneity of G. duodenalis in the investigated areas. Due to insufficient homology data on the zoonotic transmission of G. duodenalis, the precise epidemiological role that animals play in the transmission of human giardiasis needs to be assessed by more large-scale molecular epidemiological investigations of local humans and animals. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT: [Image: see text] SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13071-022-05269-9. BioMed Central 2022-05-11 /pmc/articles/PMC9097065/ /pubmed/35546681 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13071-022-05269-9 Text en © The Author(s) 2022 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) . The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) ) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.
spellingShingle Research
Wu, Yanchen
Yao, Lan
Chen, Hongshuang
Zhang, Weizhe
Jiang, Yanyan
Yang, Fengkun
Liu, Aiqin
Shen, Yujuan
Giardia duodenalis in patients with diarrhea and various animals in northeastern China: prevalence and multilocus genetic characterization
title Giardia duodenalis in patients with diarrhea and various animals in northeastern China: prevalence and multilocus genetic characterization
title_full Giardia duodenalis in patients with diarrhea and various animals in northeastern China: prevalence and multilocus genetic characterization
title_fullStr Giardia duodenalis in patients with diarrhea and various animals in northeastern China: prevalence and multilocus genetic characterization
title_full_unstemmed Giardia duodenalis in patients with diarrhea and various animals in northeastern China: prevalence and multilocus genetic characterization
title_short Giardia duodenalis in patients with diarrhea and various animals in northeastern China: prevalence and multilocus genetic characterization
title_sort giardia duodenalis in patients with diarrhea and various animals in northeastern china: prevalence and multilocus genetic characterization
topic Research
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9097065/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35546681
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13071-022-05269-9
work_keys_str_mv AT wuyanchen giardiaduodenalisinpatientswithdiarrheaandvariousanimalsinnortheasternchinaprevalenceandmultilocusgeneticcharacterization
AT yaolan giardiaduodenalisinpatientswithdiarrheaandvariousanimalsinnortheasternchinaprevalenceandmultilocusgeneticcharacterization
AT chenhongshuang giardiaduodenalisinpatientswithdiarrheaandvariousanimalsinnortheasternchinaprevalenceandmultilocusgeneticcharacterization
AT zhangweizhe giardiaduodenalisinpatientswithdiarrheaandvariousanimalsinnortheasternchinaprevalenceandmultilocusgeneticcharacterization
AT jiangyanyan giardiaduodenalisinpatientswithdiarrheaandvariousanimalsinnortheasternchinaprevalenceandmultilocusgeneticcharacterization
AT yangfengkun giardiaduodenalisinpatientswithdiarrheaandvariousanimalsinnortheasternchinaprevalenceandmultilocusgeneticcharacterization
AT liuaiqin giardiaduodenalisinpatientswithdiarrheaandvariousanimalsinnortheasternchinaprevalenceandmultilocusgeneticcharacterization
AT shenyujuan giardiaduodenalisinpatientswithdiarrheaandvariousanimalsinnortheasternchinaprevalenceandmultilocusgeneticcharacterization