The Phenotype of the Adipocytes Derived from Subcutaneous and Visceral ADMSCs Is Altered When They Originate from Morbidly Obese Women: Is There a Memory Effect?

Adipose tissue is an abundant source of mesenchymal stem cells (ADMSCs). Evidence has suggested that depot-specific ADMSCs (obtained from subcutaneous or visceral adipose tissue–subADMSCs or visADMSCs, respectively) account for differential responses of each depot to metabolic challenges. However, little is known about the phenotype and changes in metabolism of the adipocytes derived from ADMSCs of obese individuals. Therefore, we investigated the phenotypic and metabolic characteristics, particularly the lipid profile, of fully differentiated adipocytes derived from ADMSCs of lean and obese (with/without metabolic syndrome) postmenopausal women. We observed a depot-specific pattern, with more pronounced changes present in the adipocytes obtained from subADMSCs. Namely, chronic oversupply of fatty acids (present in morbid obesity) triggered an increase in CD36/SR-B2 and FATP4 protein content (total and cell surface), which translated to an increased LCFA influx ((3)H-palmitate uptake). This was associated with the accumulation of TAG and DAG in these cells. Furthermore, we observed that the adipocytes of visADMSCs origin were larger and showed smaller granularity than their counterparts of subADMSCs descent. Although ADMSCs were cultured in vitro, in a fatty acids-deprived environment, obesity significantly influenced the functionality of the progenitor adipocytes, suggesting the existence of a memory effect.