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Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi and Glomalin Play a Crucial Role in Soil Aggregate Stability in Pb-Contaminated Soil

With the rapid development of industrialization and urbanization, soil contamination with heavy metal (HM) has gradually become a global environmental problem. Lead (Pb) is one of the most abundant toxic metals in soil and high concentrations of Pb can inhibit plant growth, harm human health, and da...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Li, Yinong, Xu, Jiazheng, Hu, Jin, Zhang, Tianyu, Wu, Xuefeng, Yang, Yurong
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9099716/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35564424
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19095029
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author Li, Yinong
Xu, Jiazheng
Hu, Jin
Zhang, Tianyu
Wu, Xuefeng
Yang, Yurong
author_facet Li, Yinong
Xu, Jiazheng
Hu, Jin
Zhang, Tianyu
Wu, Xuefeng
Yang, Yurong
author_sort Li, Yinong
collection PubMed
description With the rapid development of industrialization and urbanization, soil contamination with heavy metal (HM) has gradually become a global environmental problem. Lead (Pb) is one of the most abundant toxic metals in soil and high concentrations of Pb can inhibit plant growth, harm human health, and damage soil properties, including quality and stability. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) are a type of obligate symbiotic soil microorganism forming symbiotic associations with most terrestrial plants, which play an essential role in the remediation of HM-polluted soils. In this study, we investigated the effects of AMF on the stability of soil aggregates under Pb stress in a pot experiment. The results showed that the hyphal density (HLD) and spore density (SPD) of the AMF in the soil were significantly reduced at Pb stress levels of 1000 mg kg(−1) and 2000 mg kg(−1). AMF inoculation strongly improved the concentration of glomalin-related soil protein (GRSP). The percentage of soil particles >2 mm and 2–1 mm in the AMF-inoculation treatment was higher than that in the non-AMF-inoculation treatment, while the Pb stress increased the percentage of soil particles <0.053 mm and 0.25–0.53 mm. HLD, total glomalin-related soil protein (T-GRSP), and easily extractable glomalin-related soil protein (EE-GRSP) were the three dominant factors regulating the stability of the soil aggregates, based on the random forest model analysis. Furthermore, the structural equation modeling analysis indicated that the Pb stress exerted an indirect effect on the soil-aggregate stability by regulating the HLD or the GRSP, while only the GRSP had a direct effect on the mean weight diameter (MWD) and geometric mean diameter (GMD). The current study increases the understanding of the mechanism through which soil degradation is caused by Pb stress, and emphasizes the crucial importance of glomalin in maintaining the soil-aggregate stability in HM-contaminated ecosystems.
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spelling pubmed-90997162022-05-14 Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi and Glomalin Play a Crucial Role in Soil Aggregate Stability in Pb-Contaminated Soil Li, Yinong Xu, Jiazheng Hu, Jin Zhang, Tianyu Wu, Xuefeng Yang, Yurong Int J Environ Res Public Health Article With the rapid development of industrialization and urbanization, soil contamination with heavy metal (HM) has gradually become a global environmental problem. Lead (Pb) is one of the most abundant toxic metals in soil and high concentrations of Pb can inhibit plant growth, harm human health, and damage soil properties, including quality and stability. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) are a type of obligate symbiotic soil microorganism forming symbiotic associations with most terrestrial plants, which play an essential role in the remediation of HM-polluted soils. In this study, we investigated the effects of AMF on the stability of soil aggregates under Pb stress in a pot experiment. The results showed that the hyphal density (HLD) and spore density (SPD) of the AMF in the soil were significantly reduced at Pb stress levels of 1000 mg kg(−1) and 2000 mg kg(−1). AMF inoculation strongly improved the concentration of glomalin-related soil protein (GRSP). The percentage of soil particles >2 mm and 2–1 mm in the AMF-inoculation treatment was higher than that in the non-AMF-inoculation treatment, while the Pb stress increased the percentage of soil particles <0.053 mm and 0.25–0.53 mm. HLD, total glomalin-related soil protein (T-GRSP), and easily extractable glomalin-related soil protein (EE-GRSP) were the three dominant factors regulating the stability of the soil aggregates, based on the random forest model analysis. Furthermore, the structural equation modeling analysis indicated that the Pb stress exerted an indirect effect on the soil-aggregate stability by regulating the HLD or the GRSP, while only the GRSP had a direct effect on the mean weight diameter (MWD) and geometric mean diameter (GMD). The current study increases the understanding of the mechanism through which soil degradation is caused by Pb stress, and emphasizes the crucial importance of glomalin in maintaining the soil-aggregate stability in HM-contaminated ecosystems. MDPI 2022-04-21 /pmc/articles/PMC9099716/ /pubmed/35564424 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19095029 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Li, Yinong
Xu, Jiazheng
Hu, Jin
Zhang, Tianyu
Wu, Xuefeng
Yang, Yurong
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi and Glomalin Play a Crucial Role in Soil Aggregate Stability in Pb-Contaminated Soil
title Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi and Glomalin Play a Crucial Role in Soil Aggregate Stability in Pb-Contaminated Soil
title_full Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi and Glomalin Play a Crucial Role in Soil Aggregate Stability in Pb-Contaminated Soil
title_fullStr Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi and Glomalin Play a Crucial Role in Soil Aggregate Stability in Pb-Contaminated Soil
title_full_unstemmed Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi and Glomalin Play a Crucial Role in Soil Aggregate Stability in Pb-Contaminated Soil
title_short Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi and Glomalin Play a Crucial Role in Soil Aggregate Stability in Pb-Contaminated Soil
title_sort arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and glomalin play a crucial role in soil aggregate stability in pb-contaminated soil
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9099716/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35564424
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19095029
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