Surgery in platinum-resistant recurrent epithelial ovarian carcinoma

BACKGROUND: Ovarian cancer is one of the three most common malignant tumors of the female reproductive tract and ranks first in terms of mortality among gynecological tumors. Epithelial ovarian carcinoma (EOC) is the most common ovarian malignancy, accounting for 90% of all primary ovarian tumors. The clinical value of cytoreductive surgery in patients with platinum-resistant recurrent EOC remains largely unclear. AIM: To evaluate the feasibility of secondary cytoreductive surgery for treating platinum-resistant recurrent EOC. METHODS: This was a retrospective study of the clinical data of patients with platinum-resistant EOC admitted to the Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences between September 2012 and June 2018. Patient baseline data were obtained from clinical records. Routine follow-up of disease progression was performed as follows. CA125 assessment and physical examination were performed every 3 wk during treatment, including gynecological examination. Imaging assessment was carried out every 12 wk by B-mode ultrasound, computed tomography, or magnetic resonance imaging. The primary outcome was progression-free survival (PFS). Secondary outcomes included overall survival (OS), chemotherapy-free interval (CFI), and complications. Follow-up ended on April 15, 2019. RESULTS: A total of 38 patients were included. R0 resection was achieved in 25 (65.8%) patients and R1/2 in 13 (34.2%). Twenty-five (65.8%) patients required organ resection. Nine (23.7%) patients had operative complications, 36 (94.7%) received chemotherapy, and five (13.2%) had targeted therapy. Median PFS and OS were 10 (95%CI: 8.27-11.73) months and 28 (95%CI: 12.75-43.25) months, respectively; median CFI was 9 (95%CI: 8.06-9.94) months. R0 resection and postoperative chemotherapy significantly prolonged PFS and OS (all P < 0.05), and R0 resection also significantly prolonged CFI (P < 0.05). Grade ≥ 3 complications were observed, including rectovaginal fistula (n = 1), intestinal and urinary fistulas (n = 1), and renal failure-associated death (n = 1). Except for the patient who died after surgery, all other patients with complications were successfully managed. Two patients developed intestinal obstruction and showed improvement after conservative treatment. CONCLUSION: Secondary cytoreductive surgery is feasible for treating platinum-resistant recurrent EOC. These findings provide important references for the selection of clinical therapeutic regimens.