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Developmental Profiling of Dietary Carbohydrate Digestion in Piglets

Carbohydrates are the main source of energy in the diet, accounting for the largest proportion in the diets of humans and monogastric animals. Although recent progress has been made in the study of intestinal carbohydrate digestion in piglets, there is a lack of comprehensive study on the dynamic ch...

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Autores principales: Gao, Xiaoqian, Yu, Bing, Yu, Jie, Mao, Xiangbing, Huang, Zhiqing, Luo, Yuheng, Luo, Junqiu, Zheng, Ping, Yan, Hui, He, Jun, Chen, Daiwen
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9100932/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35572714
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2022.896660
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author Gao, Xiaoqian
Yu, Bing
Yu, Jie
Mao, Xiangbing
Huang, Zhiqing
Luo, Yuheng
Luo, Junqiu
Zheng, Ping
Yan, Hui
He, Jun
Chen, Daiwen
author_facet Gao, Xiaoqian
Yu, Bing
Yu, Jie
Mao, Xiangbing
Huang, Zhiqing
Luo, Yuheng
Luo, Junqiu
Zheng, Ping
Yan, Hui
He, Jun
Chen, Daiwen
author_sort Gao, Xiaoqian
collection PubMed
description Carbohydrates are the main source of energy in the diet, accounting for the largest proportion in the diets of humans and monogastric animals. Although recent progress has been made in the study of intestinal carbohydrate digestion in piglets, there is a lack of comprehensive study on the dynamic changes in intestinal carbohydrate digestion with age in the early growth stage of piglets. To fill in this gap of knowledge, we collected samples of the small intestine, pancreatic tissues, and colonic digesta from 42 piglets during newborn [day (d) 0], lactation (d 7, 14), weaning (d 21), and nursery (d 28, 35, and 42) stages. Intestinal and pancreatic tissues and colonic digesta were collected at necropsy and analyzed for morphology, digestive enzyme activities, short-chain fatty acids (SCFA), and microbial abundance. Villus height reached a maximum at 1 week (d 7) in the duodenum and jejunum (P <0.01), and a higher ratio of villus height to crypt depth and lactase activity were observed on d 0 and 7 (P < 0.001) compared to other ages. However, the sucrase and maltase activities were increased with piglets' age. Similar activities of sucrase and maltase were found in the small intestine. In addition, amylase, lipase, and protease activities were assayed in the pancreas. The activity of amylase increased with age, while lipase and protease decreased gradually from birth to weaning (d 21, 28) and then increased after weaning (d 35, 42). Compared with d 0, d 42 increased the abundance of Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes with a higher concentration of total SCFA (P < 0.001) and decreased the abundance of Proteobacteria, but weaning (d 21, 28) increased the abundance of Proteobacteria in the colon. These results indicate that with the increase in piglet age, the carbohydrate digestive function gradually increased, but weaning hindered the development of intestinal function. These results provide us with new insights into the healthy development of piglets' intestines, which may help us to better regulate the physiological health of piglets in the future.
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spelling pubmed-91009322022-05-14 Developmental Profiling of Dietary Carbohydrate Digestion in Piglets Gao, Xiaoqian Yu, Bing Yu, Jie Mao, Xiangbing Huang, Zhiqing Luo, Yuheng Luo, Junqiu Zheng, Ping Yan, Hui He, Jun Chen, Daiwen Front Microbiol Microbiology Carbohydrates are the main source of energy in the diet, accounting for the largest proportion in the diets of humans and monogastric animals. Although recent progress has been made in the study of intestinal carbohydrate digestion in piglets, there is a lack of comprehensive study on the dynamic changes in intestinal carbohydrate digestion with age in the early growth stage of piglets. To fill in this gap of knowledge, we collected samples of the small intestine, pancreatic tissues, and colonic digesta from 42 piglets during newborn [day (d) 0], lactation (d 7, 14), weaning (d 21), and nursery (d 28, 35, and 42) stages. Intestinal and pancreatic tissues and colonic digesta were collected at necropsy and analyzed for morphology, digestive enzyme activities, short-chain fatty acids (SCFA), and microbial abundance. Villus height reached a maximum at 1 week (d 7) in the duodenum and jejunum (P <0.01), and a higher ratio of villus height to crypt depth and lactase activity were observed on d 0 and 7 (P < 0.001) compared to other ages. However, the sucrase and maltase activities were increased with piglets' age. Similar activities of sucrase and maltase were found in the small intestine. In addition, amylase, lipase, and protease activities were assayed in the pancreas. The activity of amylase increased with age, while lipase and protease decreased gradually from birth to weaning (d 21, 28) and then increased after weaning (d 35, 42). Compared with d 0, d 42 increased the abundance of Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes with a higher concentration of total SCFA (P < 0.001) and decreased the abundance of Proteobacteria, but weaning (d 21, 28) increased the abundance of Proteobacteria in the colon. These results indicate that with the increase in piglet age, the carbohydrate digestive function gradually increased, but weaning hindered the development of intestinal function. These results provide us with new insights into the healthy development of piglets' intestines, which may help us to better regulate the physiological health of piglets in the future. Frontiers Media S.A. 2022-04-29 /pmc/articles/PMC9100932/ /pubmed/35572714 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2022.896660 Text en Copyright © 2022 Gao, Yu, Yu, Mao, Huang, Luo, Luo, Zheng, Yan, He and Chen. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Microbiology
Gao, Xiaoqian
Yu, Bing
Yu, Jie
Mao, Xiangbing
Huang, Zhiqing
Luo, Yuheng
Luo, Junqiu
Zheng, Ping
Yan, Hui
He, Jun
Chen, Daiwen
Developmental Profiling of Dietary Carbohydrate Digestion in Piglets
title Developmental Profiling of Dietary Carbohydrate Digestion in Piglets
title_full Developmental Profiling of Dietary Carbohydrate Digestion in Piglets
title_fullStr Developmental Profiling of Dietary Carbohydrate Digestion in Piglets
title_full_unstemmed Developmental Profiling of Dietary Carbohydrate Digestion in Piglets
title_short Developmental Profiling of Dietary Carbohydrate Digestion in Piglets
title_sort developmental profiling of dietary carbohydrate digestion in piglets
topic Microbiology
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9100932/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35572714
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2022.896660
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