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A Low Glycemic Index Mediterranean Diet Combined with Aerobic Physical Activity Rearranges the Gut Microbiota Signature in NAFLD Patients

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common liver disease, and its prevalence worldwide is increasing. Several studies support the pathophysiological role of the gut–liver axis, where specific signal pathways are finely tuned by intestinal microbiota both in the onset and progressio...

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Autores principales: Calabrese, Francesco Maria, Disciglio, Vittoria, Franco, Isabella, Sorino, Paolo, Bonfiglio, Caterina, Bianco, Antonella, Campanella, Angelo, Lippolis, Tamara, Pesole, Pasqua Letizia, Polignano, Maurizio, Vacca, Mirco, Caponio, Giusy Rita, Giannelli, Gianluigi, De Angelis, Maria, Osella, Alberto Ruben
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9101735/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35565740
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu14091773
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author Calabrese, Francesco Maria
Disciglio, Vittoria
Franco, Isabella
Sorino, Paolo
Bonfiglio, Caterina
Bianco, Antonella
Campanella, Angelo
Lippolis, Tamara
Pesole, Pasqua Letizia
Polignano, Maurizio
Vacca, Mirco
Caponio, Giusy Rita
Giannelli, Gianluigi
De Angelis, Maria
Osella, Alberto Ruben
author_facet Calabrese, Francesco Maria
Disciglio, Vittoria
Franco, Isabella
Sorino, Paolo
Bonfiglio, Caterina
Bianco, Antonella
Campanella, Angelo
Lippolis, Tamara
Pesole, Pasqua Letizia
Polignano, Maurizio
Vacca, Mirco
Caponio, Giusy Rita
Giannelli, Gianluigi
De Angelis, Maria
Osella, Alberto Ruben
author_sort Calabrese, Francesco Maria
collection PubMed
description Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common liver disease, and its prevalence worldwide is increasing. Several studies support the pathophysiological role of the gut–liver axis, where specific signal pathways are finely tuned by intestinal microbiota both in the onset and progression of NAFLD. In the present study, we investigate the impact of different lifestyle interventions on the gut microbiota composition in 109 NAFLD patients randomly allocated to six lifestyle intervention groups: Low Glycemic Index Mediterranean Diet (LGIMD), aerobic activity program (ATFIS_1), combined activity program (ATFIS_2), LGIMD plus ATFIS_1 or ATFIS2 and Control Diet based on CREA-AN (INRAN). The relative abundances of microbial taxa at all taxonomic levels were explored in all the intervention groups and used to cluster samples based on a statistical approach, relying both on the discriminant analysis of principal components (DAPCs) and on a linear regression model. Our analyses reveal important differences when physical activity and the Mediterranean diet are merged as treatment and allow us to identify the most statistically significant taxa linked with liver protection. These findings agree with the decreased ‘controlled attenuation parameter’ (CAP) detected in the LGIMD-ATFIS_1 group, measured using FibroScan(®). In conclusion, our study demonstrates the synergistic effect of lifestyle interventions (diet and/or physical activity programs) on the gut microbiota composition in NAFLD patients.
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spelling pubmed-91017352022-05-14 A Low Glycemic Index Mediterranean Diet Combined with Aerobic Physical Activity Rearranges the Gut Microbiota Signature in NAFLD Patients Calabrese, Francesco Maria Disciglio, Vittoria Franco, Isabella Sorino, Paolo Bonfiglio, Caterina Bianco, Antonella Campanella, Angelo Lippolis, Tamara Pesole, Pasqua Letizia Polignano, Maurizio Vacca, Mirco Caponio, Giusy Rita Giannelli, Gianluigi De Angelis, Maria Osella, Alberto Ruben Nutrients Article Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common liver disease, and its prevalence worldwide is increasing. Several studies support the pathophysiological role of the gut–liver axis, where specific signal pathways are finely tuned by intestinal microbiota both in the onset and progression of NAFLD. In the present study, we investigate the impact of different lifestyle interventions on the gut microbiota composition in 109 NAFLD patients randomly allocated to six lifestyle intervention groups: Low Glycemic Index Mediterranean Diet (LGIMD), aerobic activity program (ATFIS_1), combined activity program (ATFIS_2), LGIMD plus ATFIS_1 or ATFIS2 and Control Diet based on CREA-AN (INRAN). The relative abundances of microbial taxa at all taxonomic levels were explored in all the intervention groups and used to cluster samples based on a statistical approach, relying both on the discriminant analysis of principal components (DAPCs) and on a linear regression model. Our analyses reveal important differences when physical activity and the Mediterranean diet are merged as treatment and allow us to identify the most statistically significant taxa linked with liver protection. These findings agree with the decreased ‘controlled attenuation parameter’ (CAP) detected in the LGIMD-ATFIS_1 group, measured using FibroScan(®). In conclusion, our study demonstrates the synergistic effect of lifestyle interventions (diet and/or physical activity programs) on the gut microbiota composition in NAFLD patients. MDPI 2022-04-23 /pmc/articles/PMC9101735/ /pubmed/35565740 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu14091773 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Calabrese, Francesco Maria
Disciglio, Vittoria
Franco, Isabella
Sorino, Paolo
Bonfiglio, Caterina
Bianco, Antonella
Campanella, Angelo
Lippolis, Tamara
Pesole, Pasqua Letizia
Polignano, Maurizio
Vacca, Mirco
Caponio, Giusy Rita
Giannelli, Gianluigi
De Angelis, Maria
Osella, Alberto Ruben
A Low Glycemic Index Mediterranean Diet Combined with Aerobic Physical Activity Rearranges the Gut Microbiota Signature in NAFLD Patients
title A Low Glycemic Index Mediterranean Diet Combined with Aerobic Physical Activity Rearranges the Gut Microbiota Signature in NAFLD Patients
title_full A Low Glycemic Index Mediterranean Diet Combined with Aerobic Physical Activity Rearranges the Gut Microbiota Signature in NAFLD Patients
title_fullStr A Low Glycemic Index Mediterranean Diet Combined with Aerobic Physical Activity Rearranges the Gut Microbiota Signature in NAFLD Patients
title_full_unstemmed A Low Glycemic Index Mediterranean Diet Combined with Aerobic Physical Activity Rearranges the Gut Microbiota Signature in NAFLD Patients
title_short A Low Glycemic Index Mediterranean Diet Combined with Aerobic Physical Activity Rearranges the Gut Microbiota Signature in NAFLD Patients
title_sort low glycemic index mediterranean diet combined with aerobic physical activity rearranges the gut microbiota signature in nafld patients
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9101735/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35565740
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu14091773
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