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Landslide Susceptibility Mapping Using Machine Learning Algorithm Validated by Persistent Scatterer In-SAR Technique
Landslides are the most catastrophic geological hazard in hilly areas. The present work intends to identify landslide susceptibility along Karakorum Highway (KKH) in Northern Pakistan, using landslide susceptibility mapping (LSM). To compare and predict the connection between causative factors and l...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9102666/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35590807 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22093119 |
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author | Hussain, Muhammad Afaq Chen, Zhanlong Zheng, Ying Shoaib, Muhammad Shah, Safeer Ullah Ali, Nafees Afzal, Zeeshan |
author_facet | Hussain, Muhammad Afaq Chen, Zhanlong Zheng, Ying Shoaib, Muhammad Shah, Safeer Ullah Ali, Nafees Afzal, Zeeshan |
author_sort | Hussain, Muhammad Afaq |
collection | PubMed |
description | Landslides are the most catastrophic geological hazard in hilly areas. The present work intends to identify landslide susceptibility along Karakorum Highway (KKH) in Northern Pakistan, using landslide susceptibility mapping (LSM). To compare and predict the connection between causative factors and landslides, the random forest (RF), extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost), k nearest neighbor (KNN) and naive Bayes (NB) models were used in this research. Interferometric synthetic aperture radar persistent scatterer interferometry (PS-InSAR) technology was used to explore the displacement movement of retrieved models. Initially, 332 landslide areas alongside the Karakorum Highway were found to generate the landslide inventory map using various data. The landslides were categorized into two sections for validation and training, of 30% and 70%. For susceptibility mapping, thirteen landslide-condition factors were created. The area under curve (AUC) of the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve technique was utilized for accuracy comparison, yielding 83.08, 82.15, 80.31, and 72.92% accuracy for RF, XGBoost, KNN, and NB, respectively. The PS-InSAR technique demonstrated a high deformation velocity along the line of sight (LOS) in model-sensitive areas. The PS-InSAR technique was used to evaluate the slope deformation velocity, which can be used to improve the LSM for the research region. The RF technique yielded superior findings, integrating with the PS-InSAR outcomes to provide the region with a new landslide susceptibility map. The enhanced model will help mitigate landslide catastrophes, and the outcomes may help ensure the roadway’s safe functioning in the study region. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9102666 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-91026662022-05-14 Landslide Susceptibility Mapping Using Machine Learning Algorithm Validated by Persistent Scatterer In-SAR Technique Hussain, Muhammad Afaq Chen, Zhanlong Zheng, Ying Shoaib, Muhammad Shah, Safeer Ullah Ali, Nafees Afzal, Zeeshan Sensors (Basel) Article Landslides are the most catastrophic geological hazard in hilly areas. The present work intends to identify landslide susceptibility along Karakorum Highway (KKH) in Northern Pakistan, using landslide susceptibility mapping (LSM). To compare and predict the connection between causative factors and landslides, the random forest (RF), extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost), k nearest neighbor (KNN) and naive Bayes (NB) models were used in this research. Interferometric synthetic aperture radar persistent scatterer interferometry (PS-InSAR) technology was used to explore the displacement movement of retrieved models. Initially, 332 landslide areas alongside the Karakorum Highway were found to generate the landslide inventory map using various data. The landslides were categorized into two sections for validation and training, of 30% and 70%. For susceptibility mapping, thirteen landslide-condition factors were created. The area under curve (AUC) of the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve technique was utilized for accuracy comparison, yielding 83.08, 82.15, 80.31, and 72.92% accuracy for RF, XGBoost, KNN, and NB, respectively. The PS-InSAR technique demonstrated a high deformation velocity along the line of sight (LOS) in model-sensitive areas. The PS-InSAR technique was used to evaluate the slope deformation velocity, which can be used to improve the LSM for the research region. The RF technique yielded superior findings, integrating with the PS-InSAR outcomes to provide the region with a new landslide susceptibility map. The enhanced model will help mitigate landslide catastrophes, and the outcomes may help ensure the roadway’s safe functioning in the study region. MDPI 2022-04-19 /pmc/articles/PMC9102666/ /pubmed/35590807 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22093119 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Hussain, Muhammad Afaq Chen, Zhanlong Zheng, Ying Shoaib, Muhammad Shah, Safeer Ullah Ali, Nafees Afzal, Zeeshan Landslide Susceptibility Mapping Using Machine Learning Algorithm Validated by Persistent Scatterer In-SAR Technique |
title | Landslide Susceptibility Mapping Using Machine Learning Algorithm Validated by Persistent Scatterer In-SAR Technique |
title_full | Landslide Susceptibility Mapping Using Machine Learning Algorithm Validated by Persistent Scatterer In-SAR Technique |
title_fullStr | Landslide Susceptibility Mapping Using Machine Learning Algorithm Validated by Persistent Scatterer In-SAR Technique |
title_full_unstemmed | Landslide Susceptibility Mapping Using Machine Learning Algorithm Validated by Persistent Scatterer In-SAR Technique |
title_short | Landslide Susceptibility Mapping Using Machine Learning Algorithm Validated by Persistent Scatterer In-SAR Technique |
title_sort | landslide susceptibility mapping using machine learning algorithm validated by persistent scatterer in-sar technique |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9102666/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35590807 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22093119 |
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