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The Prevalence of Mycoplasma Pneumoniae Among Children in Beijing Before and During the COVID-19 Pandemic

OBJECTIVE: Mycoplasma pneumoniae (M. pneumoniae) is an important pathogen of community acquired pneumonia. With the outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), the prevalence of some infectious respiratory diseases has varied. Epidemiological features of M. pneumoniae in children from Beijing (...

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Autores principales: Cheng, Yuan, Cheng, Yijing, Dai, Shuzhi, Hou, Dongqing, Ge, Menglei, Zhang, Yi, Fan, Lei, Pei, Yingying, Yu, Li, Xue, Guanhua, Ma, Lijuan, Sun, Hongmei
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9103471/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35573799
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fcimb.2022.854505
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author Cheng, Yuan
Cheng, Yijing
Dai, Shuzhi
Hou, Dongqing
Ge, Menglei
Zhang, Yi
Fan, Lei
Pei, Yingying
Yu, Li
Xue, Guanhua
Ma, Lijuan
Sun, Hongmei
author_facet Cheng, Yuan
Cheng, Yijing
Dai, Shuzhi
Hou, Dongqing
Ge, Menglei
Zhang, Yi
Fan, Lei
Pei, Yingying
Yu, Li
Xue, Guanhua
Ma, Lijuan
Sun, Hongmei
author_sort Cheng, Yuan
collection PubMed
description OBJECTIVE: Mycoplasma pneumoniae (M. pneumoniae) is an important pathogen of community acquired pneumonia. With the outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), the prevalence of some infectious respiratory diseases has varied. Epidemiological features of M. pneumoniae in children from Beijing (China) before and during the COVID-19 pandemic were investigated. METHODS: Between June 2016 and May 2021, a total of 569,887 children with respiratory infections from Children’s Hospital Affiliated to Capital Institute of Pediatrics (Beijing, China) were included in this study. M. pneumoniae specific-IgM antibody in serum specimens of these patients was tested by a rapid immunochromatographic assay kit. The relevant clinical data of M. pneumoniae-positive cases were also collected, and analyzed by RStudio software. RESULTS: The results showed that 13.08% of collected samples were positive for M. pneumoniae specific-IgM antibody. The highest annual positive rate was 17.59% in 2019, followed by 12.48% in 2018, 12.31% in 2017, and 11.73% in 2016, while the rate dropped to 8.9% in 2020 and 4.95% in 2021, with significant difference. Among the six years, the positive rates in summer and winter seasons were significantly higher than those in spring and autumn seasons (p < 0.001). The positive rate was the highest in school-age children (22.20%), and lowest in the infant group (8.76%, p < 0.001). The positive rate in boys (11.69%) was lower than that in girls (14.80%, p < 0.001). There were no significant differences in different seasons, age groups, or genders before and during the COVID-19 pandemic (p > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Our study demonstrated that an M. pneumoniae outbreak started from the summer of 2019 in Beijing. After the COVID-19 pandemic outbreak in the end of 2019, the M. pneumoniae positive rates dropped dramatically. This may be due to the restrictive measures of the COVID-19 pandemic, which effectively controlled the transmission of M. pneumoniae. The relationships between M. pneumoniae positive rates and season, age, and gender were not statistically significant before and during the COVID-19 pandemic.
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spelling pubmed-91034712022-05-14 The Prevalence of Mycoplasma Pneumoniae Among Children in Beijing Before and During the COVID-19 Pandemic Cheng, Yuan Cheng, Yijing Dai, Shuzhi Hou, Dongqing Ge, Menglei Zhang, Yi Fan, Lei Pei, Yingying Yu, Li Xue, Guanhua Ma, Lijuan Sun, Hongmei Front Cell Infect Microbiol Cellular and Infection Microbiology OBJECTIVE: Mycoplasma pneumoniae (M. pneumoniae) is an important pathogen of community acquired pneumonia. With the outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), the prevalence of some infectious respiratory diseases has varied. Epidemiological features of M. pneumoniae in children from Beijing (China) before and during the COVID-19 pandemic were investigated. METHODS: Between June 2016 and May 2021, a total of 569,887 children with respiratory infections from Children’s Hospital Affiliated to Capital Institute of Pediatrics (Beijing, China) were included in this study. M. pneumoniae specific-IgM antibody in serum specimens of these patients was tested by a rapid immunochromatographic assay kit. The relevant clinical data of M. pneumoniae-positive cases were also collected, and analyzed by RStudio software. RESULTS: The results showed that 13.08% of collected samples were positive for M. pneumoniae specific-IgM antibody. The highest annual positive rate was 17.59% in 2019, followed by 12.48% in 2018, 12.31% in 2017, and 11.73% in 2016, while the rate dropped to 8.9% in 2020 and 4.95% in 2021, with significant difference. Among the six years, the positive rates in summer and winter seasons were significantly higher than those in spring and autumn seasons (p < 0.001). The positive rate was the highest in school-age children (22.20%), and lowest in the infant group (8.76%, p < 0.001). The positive rate in boys (11.69%) was lower than that in girls (14.80%, p < 0.001). There were no significant differences in different seasons, age groups, or genders before and during the COVID-19 pandemic (p > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Our study demonstrated that an M. pneumoniae outbreak started from the summer of 2019 in Beijing. After the COVID-19 pandemic outbreak in the end of 2019, the M. pneumoniae positive rates dropped dramatically. This may be due to the restrictive measures of the COVID-19 pandemic, which effectively controlled the transmission of M. pneumoniae. The relationships between M. pneumoniae positive rates and season, age, and gender were not statistically significant before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. Frontiers Media S.A. 2022-04-29 /pmc/articles/PMC9103471/ /pubmed/35573799 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fcimb.2022.854505 Text en Copyright © 2022 Cheng, Cheng, Dai, Hou, Ge, Zhang, Fan, Pei, Yu, Xue, Ma and Sun https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Cellular and Infection Microbiology
Cheng, Yuan
Cheng, Yijing
Dai, Shuzhi
Hou, Dongqing
Ge, Menglei
Zhang, Yi
Fan, Lei
Pei, Yingying
Yu, Li
Xue, Guanhua
Ma, Lijuan
Sun, Hongmei
The Prevalence of Mycoplasma Pneumoniae Among Children in Beijing Before and During the COVID-19 Pandemic
title The Prevalence of Mycoplasma Pneumoniae Among Children in Beijing Before and During the COVID-19 Pandemic
title_full The Prevalence of Mycoplasma Pneumoniae Among Children in Beijing Before and During the COVID-19 Pandemic
title_fullStr The Prevalence of Mycoplasma Pneumoniae Among Children in Beijing Before and During the COVID-19 Pandemic
title_full_unstemmed The Prevalence of Mycoplasma Pneumoniae Among Children in Beijing Before and During the COVID-19 Pandemic
title_short The Prevalence of Mycoplasma Pneumoniae Among Children in Beijing Before and During the COVID-19 Pandemic
title_sort prevalence of mycoplasma pneumoniae among children in beijing before and during the covid-19 pandemic
topic Cellular and Infection Microbiology
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9103471/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35573799
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fcimb.2022.854505
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