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RNA and Protein Determinants Mediate Differential Binding of miRNAs by a Viral Suppressor of RNA Silencing Thus Modulating Antiviral Immune Responses in Plants
Many plant viruses express suppressor proteins (VSRs) that can inhibit RNA silencing, a central component of antiviral plant immunity. The most common activity of VSRs is the high-affinity binding of virus-derived siRNAs and thus their sequestration from the silencing process. Since siRNAs share lar...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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MDPI
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9103804/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35563369 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms23094977 |
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author | Pertermann, Robert Golbik, Ralph Peter Tamilarasan, Selvaraj Gursinsky, Torsten Gago-Zachert, Selma Pantaleo, Vitantonio Thondorf, Iris Behrens, Sven-Erik |
author_facet | Pertermann, Robert Golbik, Ralph Peter Tamilarasan, Selvaraj Gursinsky, Torsten Gago-Zachert, Selma Pantaleo, Vitantonio Thondorf, Iris Behrens, Sven-Erik |
author_sort | Pertermann, Robert |
collection | PubMed |
description | Many plant viruses express suppressor proteins (VSRs) that can inhibit RNA silencing, a central component of antiviral plant immunity. The most common activity of VSRs is the high-affinity binding of virus-derived siRNAs and thus their sequestration from the silencing process. Since siRNAs share large homologies with miRNAs, VSRs like the Tombusvirus p19 may also bind miRNAs and in this way modulate cellular gene expression at the post-transcriptional level. Interestingly, the binding affinity of p19 varies considerably between different miRNAs, and the molecular determinants affecting this property have not yet been adequately characterized. Addressing this, we analyzed the binding of p19 to the miRNAs 162 and 168, which regulate the expression of the important RNA silencing constituents Dicer-like 1 (DCL1) and Argonaute 1 (AGO1), respectively. p19 binds miRNA162 with similar high affinity as siRNA, whereas the affinity for miRNA168 is significantly lower. We show that specific molecular features, such as mismatches and ‘G–U wobbles’ on the RNA side and defined amino acid residues on the VSR side, mediate this property. Our observations highlight the remarkable adaptation of VSR binding affinities to achieve differential effects on host miRNA activities. Moreover, they show that even minimal changes, i.e., a single base pair in a miRNA duplex, can have significant effects on the efficiency of the plant antiviral immune response. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9103804 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-91038042022-05-14 RNA and Protein Determinants Mediate Differential Binding of miRNAs by a Viral Suppressor of RNA Silencing Thus Modulating Antiviral Immune Responses in Plants Pertermann, Robert Golbik, Ralph Peter Tamilarasan, Selvaraj Gursinsky, Torsten Gago-Zachert, Selma Pantaleo, Vitantonio Thondorf, Iris Behrens, Sven-Erik Int J Mol Sci Article Many plant viruses express suppressor proteins (VSRs) that can inhibit RNA silencing, a central component of antiviral plant immunity. The most common activity of VSRs is the high-affinity binding of virus-derived siRNAs and thus their sequestration from the silencing process. Since siRNAs share large homologies with miRNAs, VSRs like the Tombusvirus p19 may also bind miRNAs and in this way modulate cellular gene expression at the post-transcriptional level. Interestingly, the binding affinity of p19 varies considerably between different miRNAs, and the molecular determinants affecting this property have not yet been adequately characterized. Addressing this, we analyzed the binding of p19 to the miRNAs 162 and 168, which regulate the expression of the important RNA silencing constituents Dicer-like 1 (DCL1) and Argonaute 1 (AGO1), respectively. p19 binds miRNA162 with similar high affinity as siRNA, whereas the affinity for miRNA168 is significantly lower. We show that specific molecular features, such as mismatches and ‘G–U wobbles’ on the RNA side and defined amino acid residues on the VSR side, mediate this property. Our observations highlight the remarkable adaptation of VSR binding affinities to achieve differential effects on host miRNA activities. Moreover, they show that even minimal changes, i.e., a single base pair in a miRNA duplex, can have significant effects on the efficiency of the plant antiviral immune response. MDPI 2022-04-29 /pmc/articles/PMC9103804/ /pubmed/35563369 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms23094977 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Pertermann, Robert Golbik, Ralph Peter Tamilarasan, Selvaraj Gursinsky, Torsten Gago-Zachert, Selma Pantaleo, Vitantonio Thondorf, Iris Behrens, Sven-Erik RNA and Protein Determinants Mediate Differential Binding of miRNAs by a Viral Suppressor of RNA Silencing Thus Modulating Antiviral Immune Responses in Plants |
title | RNA and Protein Determinants Mediate Differential Binding of miRNAs by a Viral Suppressor of RNA Silencing Thus Modulating Antiviral Immune Responses in Plants |
title_full | RNA and Protein Determinants Mediate Differential Binding of miRNAs by a Viral Suppressor of RNA Silencing Thus Modulating Antiviral Immune Responses in Plants |
title_fullStr | RNA and Protein Determinants Mediate Differential Binding of miRNAs by a Viral Suppressor of RNA Silencing Thus Modulating Antiviral Immune Responses in Plants |
title_full_unstemmed | RNA and Protein Determinants Mediate Differential Binding of miRNAs by a Viral Suppressor of RNA Silencing Thus Modulating Antiviral Immune Responses in Plants |
title_short | RNA and Protein Determinants Mediate Differential Binding of miRNAs by a Viral Suppressor of RNA Silencing Thus Modulating Antiviral Immune Responses in Plants |
title_sort | rna and protein determinants mediate differential binding of mirnas by a viral suppressor of rna silencing thus modulating antiviral immune responses in plants |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9103804/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35563369 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms23094977 |
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