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Optimizing the L/S Ratio in Geopolymers for the Production of Large-Size Elements with 3D Printing Technology
Geopolymer concretes can be a viable alternative to conventional Portland cement-based materials. In their design, it is important to maintain an appropriate liquid-to-solid ratio (L/S), which affects several properties, such as the compressive strength, water absorption, and frost resistance. The o...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9103917/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35591696 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma15093362 |
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author | Marczyk, Joanna Ziejewska, Celina Pławecka, Kinga Bąk, Agnieszka Łach, Michał Korniejenko, Kinga Hager, Izabela Mikuła, Janusz Lin, Wei-Ting Hebda, Marek |
author_facet | Marczyk, Joanna Ziejewska, Celina Pławecka, Kinga Bąk, Agnieszka Łach, Michał Korniejenko, Kinga Hager, Izabela Mikuła, Janusz Lin, Wei-Ting Hebda, Marek |
author_sort | Marczyk, Joanna |
collection | PubMed |
description | Geopolymer concretes can be a viable alternative to conventional Portland cement-based materials. In their design, it is important to maintain an appropriate liquid-to-solid ratio (L/S), which affects several properties, such as the compressive strength, water absorption, and frost resistance. The objective of this paper is to analyze the influence of the fly-ash and metakaolin precursor types for three different L/S ratios: 0.30, 0.35, and 0.45. The results of the physical and mechanical properties, including the apparent density and compressive strength, as well the durability parameters, including frost resistance and water penetration depth, are presented in this paper. It was found that as the L/S ratio decreased, the average compressive strength increased for all materials. After freeze–thaw cycles, decreases in the compressive strength properties were observed for all types of materials—metakaolin- and fly ash-based—irrespective of the L/S ratio. Moreover, the frost resistance of geopolymers increased with the increase in the L/S ratio. The printability of the mixes was also verified in order to confirm the application of the developed materials to additive manufacturing processes. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9103917 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-91039172022-05-14 Optimizing the L/S Ratio in Geopolymers for the Production of Large-Size Elements with 3D Printing Technology Marczyk, Joanna Ziejewska, Celina Pławecka, Kinga Bąk, Agnieszka Łach, Michał Korniejenko, Kinga Hager, Izabela Mikuła, Janusz Lin, Wei-Ting Hebda, Marek Materials (Basel) Article Geopolymer concretes can be a viable alternative to conventional Portland cement-based materials. In their design, it is important to maintain an appropriate liquid-to-solid ratio (L/S), which affects several properties, such as the compressive strength, water absorption, and frost resistance. The objective of this paper is to analyze the influence of the fly-ash and metakaolin precursor types for three different L/S ratios: 0.30, 0.35, and 0.45. The results of the physical and mechanical properties, including the apparent density and compressive strength, as well the durability parameters, including frost resistance and water penetration depth, are presented in this paper. It was found that as the L/S ratio decreased, the average compressive strength increased for all materials. After freeze–thaw cycles, decreases in the compressive strength properties were observed for all types of materials—metakaolin- and fly ash-based—irrespective of the L/S ratio. Moreover, the frost resistance of geopolymers increased with the increase in the L/S ratio. The printability of the mixes was also verified in order to confirm the application of the developed materials to additive manufacturing processes. MDPI 2022-05-07 /pmc/articles/PMC9103917/ /pubmed/35591696 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma15093362 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Marczyk, Joanna Ziejewska, Celina Pławecka, Kinga Bąk, Agnieszka Łach, Michał Korniejenko, Kinga Hager, Izabela Mikuła, Janusz Lin, Wei-Ting Hebda, Marek Optimizing the L/S Ratio in Geopolymers for the Production of Large-Size Elements with 3D Printing Technology |
title | Optimizing the L/S Ratio in Geopolymers for the Production of Large-Size Elements with 3D Printing Technology |
title_full | Optimizing the L/S Ratio in Geopolymers for the Production of Large-Size Elements with 3D Printing Technology |
title_fullStr | Optimizing the L/S Ratio in Geopolymers for the Production of Large-Size Elements with 3D Printing Technology |
title_full_unstemmed | Optimizing the L/S Ratio in Geopolymers for the Production of Large-Size Elements with 3D Printing Technology |
title_short | Optimizing the L/S Ratio in Geopolymers for the Production of Large-Size Elements with 3D Printing Technology |
title_sort | optimizing the l/s ratio in geopolymers for the production of large-size elements with 3d printing technology |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9103917/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35591696 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma15093362 |
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