Implementation of the Strategy for Breastfeeding and Complementary Feeding in the Federal District in Brazil

Background: The Brazilian Breastfeeding and Complementary Feeding Strategy—Estratégia Amamenta e Alimenta Brasil (EAAB) aims to promote optimal breastfeeding (BF) and complementary feeding (CF) practices through the training of primary health professionals. Competition among health priorities and programs is one of the organizational contextual barriers to consolidating the implementation of the EAAB. Methods: This case study included six Primary Health Units (PHU) certified in the EAAB. Documentary analysis, interviews, and surveys were conducted, which informed a conceptual logical model. Organizational context indicators (positive and negative) were identified across the logical model based on the Matus Triangle, and they were used to analyze the degree of implementation of the EAAB in the PHUs. Results: The logic model elucidated six stages of EAAB implementation, but none on post-certification monitoring. Ten indicators positively influenced the implementation, including having legislation that prioritizes BF and CF. Seven indicators exerted negative influence, especially the lack of specific funding resources for the EAAB. Only one PHU had a consolidated degree of implementation. Conclusions: Lack of specific funding, monitoring of BF and CF practices, and compliance with certification criteria are the main challenges for the EAAB’s sustainability.