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Clinical Developmental Cardiology for Understanding Etiology of Congenital Heart Disease
Congenital heart diseases (CHD) result from abnormal development of the cardiovascular system and usually involve defects in specific steps or structural components of the developing heart and vessels. The determination of left–right patterning of our body proceeds by the steps involving the leftwar...
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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MDPI
2022
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Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9104584/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35566507 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm11092381 |
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author | Yamagishi, Hiroyuki |
author_facet | Yamagishi, Hiroyuki |
author_sort | Yamagishi, Hiroyuki |
collection | PubMed |
description | Congenital heart diseases (CHD) result from abnormal development of the cardiovascular system and usually involve defects in specific steps or structural components of the developing heart and vessels. The determination of left–right patterning of our body proceeds by the steps involving the leftward “nodal flow” by motile cilia in the node and molecules that are expressed only on the left side of the embryo, eventually activating the molecular pathway for the left-side specific morphogenesis. Disruption of any of these steps may result in left–right patterning defects or heterotaxy syndrome. As for the outflow tract development, neural crest cells migrate into the cardiac outflow tract and contribute to form the septum of the outflow tract that divides the embryonic single truncus arteriosus into the aortic and the pulmonary trunk. Reciprocal signaling between neural crest cells and another population of myocardial precursor cells originated from the second heart field are essential for the steps of outflow tract development. To better understand the etiology of CHD, it is important to consider what kind of CHD is caused by abnormalities in each step during the complex development of the cardiovascular system. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9104584 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-91045842022-05-14 Clinical Developmental Cardiology for Understanding Etiology of Congenital Heart Disease Yamagishi, Hiroyuki J Clin Med Review Congenital heart diseases (CHD) result from abnormal development of the cardiovascular system and usually involve defects in specific steps or structural components of the developing heart and vessels. The determination of left–right patterning of our body proceeds by the steps involving the leftward “nodal flow” by motile cilia in the node and molecules that are expressed only on the left side of the embryo, eventually activating the molecular pathway for the left-side specific morphogenesis. Disruption of any of these steps may result in left–right patterning defects or heterotaxy syndrome. As for the outflow tract development, neural crest cells migrate into the cardiac outflow tract and contribute to form the septum of the outflow tract that divides the embryonic single truncus arteriosus into the aortic and the pulmonary trunk. Reciprocal signaling between neural crest cells and another population of myocardial precursor cells originated from the second heart field are essential for the steps of outflow tract development. To better understand the etiology of CHD, it is important to consider what kind of CHD is caused by abnormalities in each step during the complex development of the cardiovascular system. MDPI 2022-04-24 /pmc/articles/PMC9104584/ /pubmed/35566507 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm11092381 Text en © 2022 by the author. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Review Yamagishi, Hiroyuki Clinical Developmental Cardiology for Understanding Etiology of Congenital Heart Disease |
title | Clinical Developmental Cardiology for Understanding Etiology of Congenital Heart Disease |
title_full | Clinical Developmental Cardiology for Understanding Etiology of Congenital Heart Disease |
title_fullStr | Clinical Developmental Cardiology for Understanding Etiology of Congenital Heart Disease |
title_full_unstemmed | Clinical Developmental Cardiology for Understanding Etiology of Congenital Heart Disease |
title_short | Clinical Developmental Cardiology for Understanding Etiology of Congenital Heart Disease |
title_sort | clinical developmental cardiology for understanding etiology of congenital heart disease |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9104584/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35566507 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm11092381 |
work_keys_str_mv | AT yamagishihiroyuki clinicaldevelopmentalcardiologyforunderstandingetiologyofcongenitalheartdisease |