Cargando…

Health care-associated infections, including device-associated infections, and antimicrobial resistance in Iran: The national update for 2018

INTRODUCTION: Surveillance of health care-associated infections (HAIs) is an essential part of an efficient healthcare system. This study is an update on incidence and mortality rates of HAIs in Iran in 2018. METHODS: Almost all hospitals across the country (940 hospitals) entered the data of HAIs a...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: MASOUDIFAR, MARYAM, GOUYA, MOHAMMAD MEHDI, PEZESHKI, ZAHRA, ESHRATI, BABAK, AFHAMI, SHIRIN, FARZAMI, MARJAN RAHNAMAYE, SEIFI, ARASH
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Pacini Editore Srl 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9104666/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35603257
http://dx.doi.org/10.15167/2421-4248/jpmh2021.62.4.1801
_version_ 1784707849835773952
author MASOUDIFAR, MARYAM
GOUYA, MOHAMMAD MEHDI
PEZESHKI, ZAHRA
ESHRATI, BABAK
AFHAMI, SHIRIN
FARZAMI, MARJAN RAHNAMAYE
SEIFI, ARASH
author_facet MASOUDIFAR, MARYAM
GOUYA, MOHAMMAD MEHDI
PEZESHKI, ZAHRA
ESHRATI, BABAK
AFHAMI, SHIRIN
FARZAMI, MARJAN RAHNAMAYE
SEIFI, ARASH
author_sort MASOUDIFAR, MARYAM
collection PubMed
description INTRODUCTION: Surveillance of health care-associated infections (HAIs) is an essential part of an efficient healthcare system. This study is an update on incidence and mortality rates of HAIs in Iran in 2018. METHODS: Almost all hospitals across the country (940 hospitals) entered the data of HAIs and denominators to the Iranian Nosocomial Infections Surveillance (INIS) software. Statistics were derived from INIS. RESULTS: From 9,607,213 hospitalized patients, 127,953 suffered from HAI, 15.65% of whom died. The incidence rate of HAI was calculated as 4.2 per 1000 patient-days. Considering relative frequencies among HAIs, Pneumonia (29.1%) and UTIs (25.6%) were the most common types of infection. Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) was the most frequent device-associated infection (DAI) 25.66 per 1000 ventilator-days, and had the highest mortality rate (43.08%). Incidence density of other DAIs was 5.43 for catheter-associated UTI and 2.86 for catheter-associated BSI per 1000 device-days. Medical ICUs had the highest incidence and percentage of deaths (15.35% and 37.63%, respectively). The most causative organisms were Escherichia coli, Acinetobacter baumannii, and Klebsiella pneumonia. The rate of methicillin-resistance Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus (VRE), and Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase (KPC)-producing bacteria was about 49%, 57%, and 58% respectively. CONCLUSION: This study provided an overview of HAIs in Iran and indicated that HAIs required special attention both in detection/reporting and in infection control measures. Future studies could be done on adherence rate of DAIs’ preventive bundles, interventions via multimodal strategies, evaluating the effect of training, and effect of antibiotic stewardship programs.
format Online
Article
Text
id pubmed-9104666
institution National Center for Biotechnology Information
language English
publishDate 2022
publisher Pacini Editore Srl
record_format MEDLINE/PubMed
spelling pubmed-91046662022-05-19 Health care-associated infections, including device-associated infections, and antimicrobial resistance in Iran: The national update for 2018 MASOUDIFAR, MARYAM GOUYA, MOHAMMAD MEHDI PEZESHKI, ZAHRA ESHRATI, BABAK AFHAMI, SHIRIN FARZAMI, MARJAN RAHNAMAYE SEIFI, ARASH J Prev Med Hyg Nosocomial Infections INTRODUCTION: Surveillance of health care-associated infections (HAIs) is an essential part of an efficient healthcare system. This study is an update on incidence and mortality rates of HAIs in Iran in 2018. METHODS: Almost all hospitals across the country (940 hospitals) entered the data of HAIs and denominators to the Iranian Nosocomial Infections Surveillance (INIS) software. Statistics were derived from INIS. RESULTS: From 9,607,213 hospitalized patients, 127,953 suffered from HAI, 15.65% of whom died. The incidence rate of HAI was calculated as 4.2 per 1000 patient-days. Considering relative frequencies among HAIs, Pneumonia (29.1%) and UTIs (25.6%) were the most common types of infection. Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) was the most frequent device-associated infection (DAI) 25.66 per 1000 ventilator-days, and had the highest mortality rate (43.08%). Incidence density of other DAIs was 5.43 for catheter-associated UTI and 2.86 for catheter-associated BSI per 1000 device-days. Medical ICUs had the highest incidence and percentage of deaths (15.35% and 37.63%, respectively). The most causative organisms were Escherichia coli, Acinetobacter baumannii, and Klebsiella pneumonia. The rate of methicillin-resistance Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus (VRE), and Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase (KPC)-producing bacteria was about 49%, 57%, and 58% respectively. CONCLUSION: This study provided an overview of HAIs in Iran and indicated that HAIs required special attention both in detection/reporting and in infection control measures. Future studies could be done on adherence rate of DAIs’ preventive bundles, interventions via multimodal strategies, evaluating the effect of training, and effect of antibiotic stewardship programs. Pacini Editore Srl 2022-01-31 /pmc/articles/PMC9104666/ /pubmed/35603257 http://dx.doi.org/10.15167/2421-4248/jpmh2021.62.4.1801 Text en ©2021 Pacini Editore SRL, Pisa, Italy https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/This is an open access article distributed in accordance with the CC-BY-NC-ND (Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International) license. The article can be used by giving appropriate credit and mentioning the license, but only for non-commercial purposes and only in the original version. For further information: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/deed.en
spellingShingle Nosocomial Infections
MASOUDIFAR, MARYAM
GOUYA, MOHAMMAD MEHDI
PEZESHKI, ZAHRA
ESHRATI, BABAK
AFHAMI, SHIRIN
FARZAMI, MARJAN RAHNAMAYE
SEIFI, ARASH
Health care-associated infections, including device-associated infections, and antimicrobial resistance in Iran: The national update for 2018
title Health care-associated infections, including device-associated infections, and antimicrobial resistance in Iran: The national update for 2018
title_full Health care-associated infections, including device-associated infections, and antimicrobial resistance in Iran: The national update for 2018
title_fullStr Health care-associated infections, including device-associated infections, and antimicrobial resistance in Iran: The national update for 2018
title_full_unstemmed Health care-associated infections, including device-associated infections, and antimicrobial resistance in Iran: The national update for 2018
title_short Health care-associated infections, including device-associated infections, and antimicrobial resistance in Iran: The national update for 2018
title_sort health care-associated infections, including device-associated infections, and antimicrobial resistance in iran: the national update for 2018
topic Nosocomial Infections
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9104666/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35603257
http://dx.doi.org/10.15167/2421-4248/jpmh2021.62.4.1801
work_keys_str_mv AT masoudifarmaryam healthcareassociatedinfectionsincludingdeviceassociatedinfectionsandantimicrobialresistanceiniranthenationalupdatefor2018
AT gouyamohammadmehdi healthcareassociatedinfectionsincludingdeviceassociatedinfectionsandantimicrobialresistanceiniranthenationalupdatefor2018
AT pezeshkizahra healthcareassociatedinfectionsincludingdeviceassociatedinfectionsandantimicrobialresistanceiniranthenationalupdatefor2018
AT eshratibabak healthcareassociatedinfectionsincludingdeviceassociatedinfectionsandantimicrobialresistanceiniranthenationalupdatefor2018
AT afhamishirin healthcareassociatedinfectionsincludingdeviceassociatedinfectionsandantimicrobialresistanceiniranthenationalupdatefor2018
AT farzamimarjanrahnamaye healthcareassociatedinfectionsincludingdeviceassociatedinfectionsandantimicrobialresistanceiniranthenationalupdatefor2018
AT seifiarash healthcareassociatedinfectionsincludingdeviceassociatedinfectionsandantimicrobialresistanceiniranthenationalupdatefor2018