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A Novel Steganography-Based Pattern for Print Matter Anti-Counterfeiting by Smartphone Cameras

Print matter authentication based on anti-counterfeiting techniques has received continuously increasing concern from academia and industry. However, the existing printing anti-counterfeiting solutions often have the defects of poor identification experience, high cost, or weak anti-counterfeiting a...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Zheng, Hong, Zhou, Chengzhuo, Li, Xi, Guo, Zhongyuan, Wang, Tianyu
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9104732/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35591083
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22093394
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author Zheng, Hong
Zhou, Chengzhuo
Li, Xi
Guo, Zhongyuan
Wang, Tianyu
author_facet Zheng, Hong
Zhou, Chengzhuo
Li, Xi
Guo, Zhongyuan
Wang, Tianyu
author_sort Zheng, Hong
collection PubMed
description Print matter authentication based on anti-counterfeiting techniques has received continuously increasing concern from academia and industry. However, the existing printing anti-counterfeiting solutions often have the defects of poor identification experience, high cost, or weak anti-counterfeiting ability, and cannot achieve pre-sale anti-counterfeiting. Therefore, a novel steganography-based pattern for print matter anti-counterfeiting by smartphone cameras is proposed in this study. Firstly, every pixel in the original binary message image (such as QR code) is replaced by a square pixel block with the same binary gray value of 0 or 255 (the first-level expansion). Secondly, the obtained image is encrypted based on the logistic chaotic sequence, and then scrambled by Arnold transform. Lastly, once again every pixel in the generated image is replaced with a square pixel block (the second-level expansion), the size and gray value of which can be set to control the semi-fragile ability to distinguish an originally printed pattern from its illegitimate copy. If the message extracted from the printed pattern through the inverse procedure is complete enough to decode and read, the pattern is assumed to be an original print. Experimental results verify the advancement and effectiveness of the proposed scheme in distinguishing the copied pattern.
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spelling pubmed-91047322022-05-14 A Novel Steganography-Based Pattern for Print Matter Anti-Counterfeiting by Smartphone Cameras Zheng, Hong Zhou, Chengzhuo Li, Xi Guo, Zhongyuan Wang, Tianyu Sensors (Basel) Article Print matter authentication based on anti-counterfeiting techniques has received continuously increasing concern from academia and industry. However, the existing printing anti-counterfeiting solutions often have the defects of poor identification experience, high cost, or weak anti-counterfeiting ability, and cannot achieve pre-sale anti-counterfeiting. Therefore, a novel steganography-based pattern for print matter anti-counterfeiting by smartphone cameras is proposed in this study. Firstly, every pixel in the original binary message image (such as QR code) is replaced by a square pixel block with the same binary gray value of 0 or 255 (the first-level expansion). Secondly, the obtained image is encrypted based on the logistic chaotic sequence, and then scrambled by Arnold transform. Lastly, once again every pixel in the generated image is replaced with a square pixel block (the second-level expansion), the size and gray value of which can be set to control the semi-fragile ability to distinguish an originally printed pattern from its illegitimate copy. If the message extracted from the printed pattern through the inverse procedure is complete enough to decode and read, the pattern is assumed to be an original print. Experimental results verify the advancement and effectiveness of the proposed scheme in distinguishing the copied pattern. MDPI 2022-04-28 /pmc/articles/PMC9104732/ /pubmed/35591083 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22093394 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Zheng, Hong
Zhou, Chengzhuo
Li, Xi
Guo, Zhongyuan
Wang, Tianyu
A Novel Steganography-Based Pattern for Print Matter Anti-Counterfeiting by Smartphone Cameras
title A Novel Steganography-Based Pattern for Print Matter Anti-Counterfeiting by Smartphone Cameras
title_full A Novel Steganography-Based Pattern for Print Matter Anti-Counterfeiting by Smartphone Cameras
title_fullStr A Novel Steganography-Based Pattern for Print Matter Anti-Counterfeiting by Smartphone Cameras
title_full_unstemmed A Novel Steganography-Based Pattern for Print Matter Anti-Counterfeiting by Smartphone Cameras
title_short A Novel Steganography-Based Pattern for Print Matter Anti-Counterfeiting by Smartphone Cameras
title_sort novel steganography-based pattern for print matter anti-counterfeiting by smartphone cameras
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9104732/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35591083
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22093394
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