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Production of Cellulose Nano-Fibers and Its Application in Poly-Lactic-Acid: Property Improvement by New Types of Coupling Agents

Poly-lactic-acid is a biopolymer that can be an attractive alternative to replace petroleum-based polymers. It has advanced mechanical properties, melts easily with less energy consumption, and can be used to produce biodegradable plastics using renewable sources. However, some of the properties of...

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Autores principales: Lozano Fernandez, Maria Elena, Miskolczi, Norbert
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9104889/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35567056
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym14091887
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author Lozano Fernandez, Maria Elena
Miskolczi, Norbert
author_facet Lozano Fernandez, Maria Elena
Miskolczi, Norbert
author_sort Lozano Fernandez, Maria Elena
collection PubMed
description Poly-lactic-acid is a biopolymer that can be an attractive alternative to replace petroleum-based polymers. It has advanced mechanical properties, melts easily with less energy consumption, and can be used to produce biodegradable plastics using renewable sources. However, some of the properties of poly-lactic-acid are inferior to those of traditional polymers: e.g., intensive farming is necessary for high agricultural yield, the composting needs special conditions, it is difficult to blend with other commonly used plastics, expensive, high permeability, etc. Therefore, the present work seeks to improve the structure and mechanical properties of the poly-lactic-acid incorporated by cellulose nano-fibers obtained from rice straw by a chemical acidic treatment. The fibers were incorporated into the poly-lactic-acid polymer matrix in a concentration of 1% by two-roll mill. To improve the incorporation of the fibers in the matrix, different coupling agents were used: PE-g-MA, vinyl trimethoxy silane, polyethylene-glycol with different molecular weight, and two types of experimentally synthetized α-olefin-maleic anhydride-based copolymers. The properties of the final composite could be improved, however those depend on the coupling agent to be used. The improving effect of the tested chemicals had been depended on the temperature. Based on structure analysis, both chemical and physical interactions were proposed between the cellulose nanofiber and polymer matrix. The thermogravimetric and viscosity results well represented the softener effect of the used chemical agents.
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spelling pubmed-91048892022-05-14 Production of Cellulose Nano-Fibers and Its Application in Poly-Lactic-Acid: Property Improvement by New Types of Coupling Agents Lozano Fernandez, Maria Elena Miskolczi, Norbert Polymers (Basel) Article Poly-lactic-acid is a biopolymer that can be an attractive alternative to replace petroleum-based polymers. It has advanced mechanical properties, melts easily with less energy consumption, and can be used to produce biodegradable plastics using renewable sources. However, some of the properties of poly-lactic-acid are inferior to those of traditional polymers: e.g., intensive farming is necessary for high agricultural yield, the composting needs special conditions, it is difficult to blend with other commonly used plastics, expensive, high permeability, etc. Therefore, the present work seeks to improve the structure and mechanical properties of the poly-lactic-acid incorporated by cellulose nano-fibers obtained from rice straw by a chemical acidic treatment. The fibers were incorporated into the poly-lactic-acid polymer matrix in a concentration of 1% by two-roll mill. To improve the incorporation of the fibers in the matrix, different coupling agents were used: PE-g-MA, vinyl trimethoxy silane, polyethylene-glycol with different molecular weight, and two types of experimentally synthetized α-olefin-maleic anhydride-based copolymers. The properties of the final composite could be improved, however those depend on the coupling agent to be used. The improving effect of the tested chemicals had been depended on the temperature. Based on structure analysis, both chemical and physical interactions were proposed between the cellulose nanofiber and polymer matrix. The thermogravimetric and viscosity results well represented the softener effect of the used chemical agents. MDPI 2022-05-05 /pmc/articles/PMC9104889/ /pubmed/35567056 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym14091887 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Lozano Fernandez, Maria Elena
Miskolczi, Norbert
Production of Cellulose Nano-Fibers and Its Application in Poly-Lactic-Acid: Property Improvement by New Types of Coupling Agents
title Production of Cellulose Nano-Fibers and Its Application in Poly-Lactic-Acid: Property Improvement by New Types of Coupling Agents
title_full Production of Cellulose Nano-Fibers and Its Application in Poly-Lactic-Acid: Property Improvement by New Types of Coupling Agents
title_fullStr Production of Cellulose Nano-Fibers and Its Application in Poly-Lactic-Acid: Property Improvement by New Types of Coupling Agents
title_full_unstemmed Production of Cellulose Nano-Fibers and Its Application in Poly-Lactic-Acid: Property Improvement by New Types of Coupling Agents
title_short Production of Cellulose Nano-Fibers and Its Application in Poly-Lactic-Acid: Property Improvement by New Types of Coupling Agents
title_sort production of cellulose nano-fibers and its application in poly-lactic-acid: property improvement by new types of coupling agents
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9104889/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35567056
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym14091887
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