Postural Balance in Relation with Vision and Physical Activity in Healthy Young Adults

Postural balance is an essential part of a wide range of activities, from daily living tasks to sports. Regularly repeated physical and/or sport activities improve both the postural performance and the postural strategy. The aim of our study was to evaluate if the physical activity level is a factor that influences postural balance performance, including the impact of vision and gender, in healthy young adults. Postural balance was assessed in 78 subjects (38 males and 40 females, aged 20.64 ± 1.18 years) by using the PoData system, in open (EO) and closed (EC) eye conditions. Based on the physical activity level, subjects were classified in two groups—low physical activity level (n = 36, 46.15%) and moderate physical activity level (n = 42, 53.85%). A group significant difference was found only for the average centre of pressure (CoP) deviations on the latero-lateral axis (CoP(X)), with a higher lateral deviation of the CoP (toward right) in the low physical activity group (F = 4.005, p = 0.04). CoP path length, the 90% confidence ellipse and maximum CoP speed were significantly increased in EC conditions. A statistically significant interaction effect (vision × physical activity) was observed for the CoP path length (F = 7.9, p = 0.006).