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Evaluating Ocular Symptoms and Tear Film Cytokine Profiles in Symptomatic COVID-19 Patients

Background: This study investigated the presence and duration of ophthalmic symptoms in the early phase of COVID-19 to assess the corresponding local immune response on the ocular surface. Methods: The study included data from 180 COVID-19 patients and 160 age-matched healthy controls. The main find...

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Autores principales: Niedźwiedź, Anna, Kawa, Miłosz, Pius-Sadowska, Ewa, Kuligowska, Agnieszka, Ziontkowska, Alicja, Wrzałek, Dawid, Parczewski, Miłosz, Safranow, Krzysztof, Kozłowski, Krzysztof, Machaliński, Bogusław, Machalińska, Anna
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9105717/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35566776
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm11092647
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author Niedźwiedź, Anna
Kawa, Miłosz
Pius-Sadowska, Ewa
Kuligowska, Agnieszka
Ziontkowska, Alicja
Wrzałek, Dawid
Parczewski, Miłosz
Safranow, Krzysztof
Kozłowski, Krzysztof
Machaliński, Bogusław
Machalińska, Anna
author_facet Niedźwiedź, Anna
Kawa, Miłosz
Pius-Sadowska, Ewa
Kuligowska, Agnieszka
Ziontkowska, Alicja
Wrzałek, Dawid
Parczewski, Miłosz
Safranow, Krzysztof
Kozłowski, Krzysztof
Machaliński, Bogusław
Machalińska, Anna
author_sort Niedźwiedź, Anna
collection PubMed
description Background: This study investigated the presence and duration of ophthalmic symptoms in the early phase of COVID-19 to assess the corresponding local immune response on the ocular surface. Methods: The study included data from 180 COVID-19 patients and 160 age-matched healthy controls. The main finding was the occurrence of ophthalmological manifestations at the time of admission to the hospital and during the preceding 7 days. Tear film concentrations of TNF-α, IL-1b, IL-2, IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-12 p70, GM-CSF, and IFN-γ were determined by a magnetic bead assay. Results: Among the COVID-19 patients, 12.64% had at least one ocular symptom at the time of admission, and 24.14% had symptoms within the preceding 7 days (p < 0.001 vs. controls). We found that the COVID-19 patients complained more frequently about eye tearing (p = 0.04) and eye pain (p = 0.01) than controls. A multivariate analysis of the patients and controls adjusted for age and sex revealed that COVID-19 was an independent factor associated with higher VEGF and IL-10 tear film concentrations (β = +0.13, p = 0.047 and β = +0.34, p < 0.001, respectively) and lower IL-1β, IL-8, and GM-CSF levels (β = −0.25, p < 0.001; β = −0.18, p = 0.004; and β = −0.82, p = 0.0 respectively). Conclusions: SARS-CoV-2 does not attract a strong local response of the conjunctival immune system; therefore, ophthalmic symptoms may not constitute a substantial element in the clinical picture of novel COVID-19 infection.
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spelling pubmed-91057172022-05-14 Evaluating Ocular Symptoms and Tear Film Cytokine Profiles in Symptomatic COVID-19 Patients Niedźwiedź, Anna Kawa, Miłosz Pius-Sadowska, Ewa Kuligowska, Agnieszka Ziontkowska, Alicja Wrzałek, Dawid Parczewski, Miłosz Safranow, Krzysztof Kozłowski, Krzysztof Machaliński, Bogusław Machalińska, Anna J Clin Med Article Background: This study investigated the presence and duration of ophthalmic symptoms in the early phase of COVID-19 to assess the corresponding local immune response on the ocular surface. Methods: The study included data from 180 COVID-19 patients and 160 age-matched healthy controls. The main finding was the occurrence of ophthalmological manifestations at the time of admission to the hospital and during the preceding 7 days. Tear film concentrations of TNF-α, IL-1b, IL-2, IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-12 p70, GM-CSF, and IFN-γ were determined by a magnetic bead assay. Results: Among the COVID-19 patients, 12.64% had at least one ocular symptom at the time of admission, and 24.14% had symptoms within the preceding 7 days (p < 0.001 vs. controls). We found that the COVID-19 patients complained more frequently about eye tearing (p = 0.04) and eye pain (p = 0.01) than controls. A multivariate analysis of the patients and controls adjusted for age and sex revealed that COVID-19 was an independent factor associated with higher VEGF and IL-10 tear film concentrations (β = +0.13, p = 0.047 and β = +0.34, p < 0.001, respectively) and lower IL-1β, IL-8, and GM-CSF levels (β = −0.25, p < 0.001; β = −0.18, p = 0.004; and β = −0.82, p = 0.0 respectively). Conclusions: SARS-CoV-2 does not attract a strong local response of the conjunctival immune system; therefore, ophthalmic symptoms may not constitute a substantial element in the clinical picture of novel COVID-19 infection. MDPI 2022-05-08 /pmc/articles/PMC9105717/ /pubmed/35566776 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm11092647 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Niedźwiedź, Anna
Kawa, Miłosz
Pius-Sadowska, Ewa
Kuligowska, Agnieszka
Ziontkowska, Alicja
Wrzałek, Dawid
Parczewski, Miłosz
Safranow, Krzysztof
Kozłowski, Krzysztof
Machaliński, Bogusław
Machalińska, Anna
Evaluating Ocular Symptoms and Tear Film Cytokine Profiles in Symptomatic COVID-19 Patients
title Evaluating Ocular Symptoms and Tear Film Cytokine Profiles in Symptomatic COVID-19 Patients
title_full Evaluating Ocular Symptoms and Tear Film Cytokine Profiles in Symptomatic COVID-19 Patients
title_fullStr Evaluating Ocular Symptoms and Tear Film Cytokine Profiles in Symptomatic COVID-19 Patients
title_full_unstemmed Evaluating Ocular Symptoms and Tear Film Cytokine Profiles in Symptomatic COVID-19 Patients
title_short Evaluating Ocular Symptoms and Tear Film Cytokine Profiles in Symptomatic COVID-19 Patients
title_sort evaluating ocular symptoms and tear film cytokine profiles in symptomatic covid-19 patients
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9105717/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35566776
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm11092647
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