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Biogenesis and Lipase-Mediated Mobilization of Lipid Droplets in Plants
Cytosolic lipid droplets (LDs) derived from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) mainly contain neutral lipids, such as triacylglycerols (TAGs) and sterol esters, which are considered energy reserves. The metabolic pathways associated with LDs in eukaryotic species are involved in diverse cellular functio...
Autores principales: | , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9105935/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35567244 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants11091243 |
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author | Choi, Yun Ju Zaikova, Kseniia Yeom, Soo-Jin Kim, Yeong-Su Lee, Dong Wook |
author_facet | Choi, Yun Ju Zaikova, Kseniia Yeom, Soo-Jin Kim, Yeong-Su Lee, Dong Wook |
author_sort | Choi, Yun Ju |
collection | PubMed |
description | Cytosolic lipid droplets (LDs) derived from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) mainly contain neutral lipids, such as triacylglycerols (TAGs) and sterol esters, which are considered energy reserves. The metabolic pathways associated with LDs in eukaryotic species are involved in diverse cellular functions. TAG synthesis in plants is mediated by the sequential involvement of two subcellular organelles, i.e., plastids - plant-specific organelles, which serve as the site of lipid synthesis, and the ER. TAGs and sterol esters synthesized in the ER are sequestered to form LDs through the cooperative action of several proteins, such as SEIPINs, LD-associated proteins, LDAP-interacting proteins, and plant-specific proteins such as oleosins. The integrity and stability of LDs are highly dependent on oleosins, especially in the seeds, and oleosin degradation is critical for efficient mobilization of the TAGs of plant LDs. As the TAGs mobilize in LDs during germination and post-germinative growth, a plant-specific lipase—sugar-dependent 1 (SDP1)—plays a major role, through the inter-organellar communication between the ER and peroxisomes. In this review, we briefly recapitulate the different processes involved in the biogenesis and degradation of plant LDs, followed by a discussion of future perspectives in this field. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9105935 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-91059352022-05-14 Biogenesis and Lipase-Mediated Mobilization of Lipid Droplets in Plants Choi, Yun Ju Zaikova, Kseniia Yeom, Soo-Jin Kim, Yeong-Su Lee, Dong Wook Plants (Basel) Review Cytosolic lipid droplets (LDs) derived from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) mainly contain neutral lipids, such as triacylglycerols (TAGs) and sterol esters, which are considered energy reserves. The metabolic pathways associated with LDs in eukaryotic species are involved in diverse cellular functions. TAG synthesis in plants is mediated by the sequential involvement of two subcellular organelles, i.e., plastids - plant-specific organelles, which serve as the site of lipid synthesis, and the ER. TAGs and sterol esters synthesized in the ER are sequestered to form LDs through the cooperative action of several proteins, such as SEIPINs, LD-associated proteins, LDAP-interacting proteins, and plant-specific proteins such as oleosins. The integrity and stability of LDs are highly dependent on oleosins, especially in the seeds, and oleosin degradation is critical for efficient mobilization of the TAGs of plant LDs. As the TAGs mobilize in LDs during germination and post-germinative growth, a plant-specific lipase—sugar-dependent 1 (SDP1)—plays a major role, through the inter-organellar communication between the ER and peroxisomes. In this review, we briefly recapitulate the different processes involved in the biogenesis and degradation of plant LDs, followed by a discussion of future perspectives in this field. MDPI 2022-05-05 /pmc/articles/PMC9105935/ /pubmed/35567244 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants11091243 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Review Choi, Yun Ju Zaikova, Kseniia Yeom, Soo-Jin Kim, Yeong-Su Lee, Dong Wook Biogenesis and Lipase-Mediated Mobilization of Lipid Droplets in Plants |
title | Biogenesis and Lipase-Mediated Mobilization of Lipid Droplets in Plants |
title_full | Biogenesis and Lipase-Mediated Mobilization of Lipid Droplets in Plants |
title_fullStr | Biogenesis and Lipase-Mediated Mobilization of Lipid Droplets in Plants |
title_full_unstemmed | Biogenesis and Lipase-Mediated Mobilization of Lipid Droplets in Plants |
title_short | Biogenesis and Lipase-Mediated Mobilization of Lipid Droplets in Plants |
title_sort | biogenesis and lipase-mediated mobilization of lipid droplets in plants |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9105935/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35567244 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants11091243 |
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