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Understanding the Socio-Economic Vulnerability in Child Malnutrition Between Migrants and Non-Migrants Children (12–59 Months) in India: Evidence from a Cross-Sectional Study

India has witnessed increasing trends in internal migration over the last three decades. In India, migrant children are not a homogeneous group and their reasons for movement and vulnerabilities vary across socio-economic stratum. For some children, migration may open possibilities and is associated...

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Autores principales: Shankar Mishra, Prem, Jamadar, Mudassar, Tripathy, Abhipsa, Anand, Ankit
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Springer Netherlands 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9108133/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35601140
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12187-022-09943-3
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author Shankar Mishra, Prem
Jamadar, Mudassar
Tripathy, Abhipsa
Anand, Ankit
author_facet Shankar Mishra, Prem
Jamadar, Mudassar
Tripathy, Abhipsa
Anand, Ankit
author_sort Shankar Mishra, Prem
collection PubMed
description India has witnessed increasing trends in internal migration over the last three decades. In India, migrant children are not a homogeneous group and their reasons for movement and vulnerabilities vary across socio-economic stratum. For some children, migration may open possibilities and is associated with expanding social and economic spheres, but for many others, it may bring serious risks. Therefore, the study has been carried out to understand socio-economic vulnerability in child nutrition with migration status and other contributing factors in India. This study used data from the National Family Health Survey, the fourth in the NFHS series which was conducted in 2015–2016 (NFHS-4). We were interested in looking at the children age 12–59 months for their nutritional indicators such as stunting and underweight across migrants and non-migrants children. This resulted in a sample of 199,448 children in selected age group and among them 33.1% children belongs to the migrant family as compared to 67% of non-migrant children. Overall, 44.2% of children were stunted and 39.5% were underweight among non-migrant children as compared to 37.4% & 32.8% of migrant children were stunted and underweight respectively. Further, the results showed that among the social groups, scheduled caste children were found a high variation in underweight (34% vs. 41.6%) and stunting (36% vs. 46%) between migrants and non-migrants children. Similar trend of malnourishment is found in the poor wealth quintile, for rural residents and low educated women with non-migrant status. Those children who were poor but non-migrant were more likely to be malnourished as underweight [aOR; 1.15, CI: 1.11–1.18] and stunted [aOR; 1.17, CI:1.13–1.20] as compared to migrant status children in the same category of the household. Similarly in reference to scheduled caste migrant group, the scheduled caste non-migrant were more likely to be underweight [aOR; 1.15, CI: 1.09–1.20] and stunted [aOR; 1.18, CI: 1.12–1.23] than the children with migrant status. There were huge differences between migrant and non-migrant children in nutritional statuses. Education, caste and wealth index are found to be an important variables to explain the differential between migrants and non-migrants in child’s nutritional aspects. Children associated with poor socio-economic vulnerability and non-migrant category need to be taken care of more and a community targeted approach is required to understand the gaps. The programs such as ICDS, and Poshan Abhiyan need to be revamped adding the migration aspect of the families and children in terms of their health and nutritional aspects.
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spelling pubmed-91081332022-05-16 Understanding the Socio-Economic Vulnerability in Child Malnutrition Between Migrants and Non-Migrants Children (12–59 Months) in India: Evidence from a Cross-Sectional Study Shankar Mishra, Prem Jamadar, Mudassar Tripathy, Abhipsa Anand, Ankit Child Indic Res Article India has witnessed increasing trends in internal migration over the last three decades. In India, migrant children are not a homogeneous group and their reasons for movement and vulnerabilities vary across socio-economic stratum. For some children, migration may open possibilities and is associated with expanding social and economic spheres, but for many others, it may bring serious risks. Therefore, the study has been carried out to understand socio-economic vulnerability in child nutrition with migration status and other contributing factors in India. This study used data from the National Family Health Survey, the fourth in the NFHS series which was conducted in 2015–2016 (NFHS-4). We were interested in looking at the children age 12–59 months for their nutritional indicators such as stunting and underweight across migrants and non-migrants children. This resulted in a sample of 199,448 children in selected age group and among them 33.1% children belongs to the migrant family as compared to 67% of non-migrant children. Overall, 44.2% of children were stunted and 39.5% were underweight among non-migrant children as compared to 37.4% & 32.8% of migrant children were stunted and underweight respectively. Further, the results showed that among the social groups, scheduled caste children were found a high variation in underweight (34% vs. 41.6%) and stunting (36% vs. 46%) between migrants and non-migrants children. Similar trend of malnourishment is found in the poor wealth quintile, for rural residents and low educated women with non-migrant status. Those children who were poor but non-migrant were more likely to be malnourished as underweight [aOR; 1.15, CI: 1.11–1.18] and stunted [aOR; 1.17, CI:1.13–1.20] as compared to migrant status children in the same category of the household. Similarly in reference to scheduled caste migrant group, the scheduled caste non-migrant were more likely to be underweight [aOR; 1.15, CI: 1.09–1.20] and stunted [aOR; 1.18, CI: 1.12–1.23] than the children with migrant status. There were huge differences between migrant and non-migrant children in nutritional statuses. Education, caste and wealth index are found to be an important variables to explain the differential between migrants and non-migrants in child’s nutritional aspects. Children associated with poor socio-economic vulnerability and non-migrant category need to be taken care of more and a community targeted approach is required to understand the gaps. The programs such as ICDS, and Poshan Abhiyan need to be revamped adding the migration aspect of the families and children in terms of their health and nutritional aspects. Springer Netherlands 2022-05-16 2022 /pmc/articles/PMC9108133/ /pubmed/35601140 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12187-022-09943-3 Text en © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature B.V. 2022 This article is made available via the PMC Open Access Subset for unrestricted research re-use and secondary analysis in any form or by any means with acknowledgement of the original source. These permissions are granted for the duration of the World Health Organization (WHO) declaration of COVID-19 as a global pandemic.
spellingShingle Article
Shankar Mishra, Prem
Jamadar, Mudassar
Tripathy, Abhipsa
Anand, Ankit
Understanding the Socio-Economic Vulnerability in Child Malnutrition Between Migrants and Non-Migrants Children (12–59 Months) in India: Evidence from a Cross-Sectional Study
title Understanding the Socio-Economic Vulnerability in Child Malnutrition Between Migrants and Non-Migrants Children (12–59 Months) in India: Evidence from a Cross-Sectional Study
title_full Understanding the Socio-Economic Vulnerability in Child Malnutrition Between Migrants and Non-Migrants Children (12–59 Months) in India: Evidence from a Cross-Sectional Study
title_fullStr Understanding the Socio-Economic Vulnerability in Child Malnutrition Between Migrants and Non-Migrants Children (12–59 Months) in India: Evidence from a Cross-Sectional Study
title_full_unstemmed Understanding the Socio-Economic Vulnerability in Child Malnutrition Between Migrants and Non-Migrants Children (12–59 Months) in India: Evidence from a Cross-Sectional Study
title_short Understanding the Socio-Economic Vulnerability in Child Malnutrition Between Migrants and Non-Migrants Children (12–59 Months) in India: Evidence from a Cross-Sectional Study
title_sort understanding the socio-economic vulnerability in child malnutrition between migrants and non-migrants children (12–59 months) in india: evidence from a cross-sectional study
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9108133/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35601140
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12187-022-09943-3
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