Cargando…

Rare earth elements in surface waters and sediments of the Mgoua watershed, south western Cameroon

The concentrations and distribution spectra of 14 stable rare earth elements (REE) were studied for surface waters (n = 30) and sediments (n = 30) of the tropical zone Mgoua watershed in southwest of Cameroon. Samples were analyzed using the inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer (ICP-MS) meth...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Ndjama, Josephine, Mafany, George, Nkoue Ndondo, Raoul Gustave, Belmond, Biram Eric, Ekoa Bessa, Armel Zacharie
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Springer International Publishing 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9110631/
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12517-022-10278-0
_version_ 1784709141247295488
author Ndjama, Josephine
Mafany, George
Nkoue Ndondo, Raoul Gustave
Belmond, Biram Eric
Ekoa Bessa, Armel Zacharie
author_facet Ndjama, Josephine
Mafany, George
Nkoue Ndondo, Raoul Gustave
Belmond, Biram Eric
Ekoa Bessa, Armel Zacharie
author_sort Ndjama, Josephine
collection PubMed
description The concentrations and distribution spectra of 14 stable rare earth elements (REE) were studied for surface waters (n = 30) and sediments (n = 30) of the tropical zone Mgoua watershed in southwest of Cameroon. Samples were analyzed using the inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer (ICP-MS) method. The ∑REE concentrations of the surface waters vary from 0.11 to 6.60 µg/L with an average value of 1.18 µg/L. This average is 150 times lower than the average values of the Post-Archean Australian Average Shale (PAAS). In the sediments, the concentrations range from 282.12 to 727.67 ppm with an average value of 550.05 ppm, making it 2.5 times higher than the PAAS. Rare earth spectra normalized to PAAS are spread out and show heavy rare earth enrichment; positive Eu anomalies; negative, low, or no Ce anomalies; and a gradual decrease in heavy earths in river and well waters and sediments, but are sawtooth with strong negative Ce anomalies in effluent waters and sediments. A low rare earth fractionation is noted in river and well waters [(La/Yb)(N) ~ 0.35–1.19], while it is high in effluent waters [(La/Yb)(N) ~ 0.42–56.99]; a slight depletion of rare earths in all environments [(La/Sm)(N) ~ 0.69–2.35], as well as a depletion of heavy rare earths [(Gd/Yb)(N) ~ 0.58–1.94]. In the sediments, the same characteristics are found with elemental ratio values differing slightly [(La/Yb)(N) ~ 1.15–1.99]; [(La/Sm)N ~ 0.75–1.36]; and [(Gd/Yb)(N) ~ 1.15–2.01]. This study shows that the Mgoua watershed does not have a high concentration of REE, although in the sediments they are well above the average PASS value while they are insignificant in the waters.
format Online
Article
Text
id pubmed-9110631
institution National Center for Biotechnology Information
language English
publishDate 2022
publisher Springer International Publishing
record_format MEDLINE/PubMed
spelling pubmed-91106312022-05-17 Rare earth elements in surface waters and sediments of the Mgoua watershed, south western Cameroon Ndjama, Josephine Mafany, George Nkoue Ndondo, Raoul Gustave Belmond, Biram Eric Ekoa Bessa, Armel Zacharie Arab J Geosci Original Paper The concentrations and distribution spectra of 14 stable rare earth elements (REE) were studied for surface waters (n = 30) and sediments (n = 30) of the tropical zone Mgoua watershed in southwest of Cameroon. Samples were analyzed using the inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer (ICP-MS) method. The ∑REE concentrations of the surface waters vary from 0.11 to 6.60 µg/L with an average value of 1.18 µg/L. This average is 150 times lower than the average values of the Post-Archean Australian Average Shale (PAAS). In the sediments, the concentrations range from 282.12 to 727.67 ppm with an average value of 550.05 ppm, making it 2.5 times higher than the PAAS. Rare earth spectra normalized to PAAS are spread out and show heavy rare earth enrichment; positive Eu anomalies; negative, low, or no Ce anomalies; and a gradual decrease in heavy earths in river and well waters and sediments, but are sawtooth with strong negative Ce anomalies in effluent waters and sediments. A low rare earth fractionation is noted in river and well waters [(La/Yb)(N) ~ 0.35–1.19], while it is high in effluent waters [(La/Yb)(N) ~ 0.42–56.99]; a slight depletion of rare earths in all environments [(La/Sm)(N) ~ 0.69–2.35], as well as a depletion of heavy rare earths [(Gd/Yb)(N) ~ 0.58–1.94]. In the sediments, the same characteristics are found with elemental ratio values differing slightly [(La/Yb)(N) ~ 1.15–1.99]; [(La/Sm)N ~ 0.75–1.36]; and [(Gd/Yb)(N) ~ 1.15–2.01]. This study shows that the Mgoua watershed does not have a high concentration of REE, although in the sediments they are well above the average PASS value while they are insignificant in the waters. Springer International Publishing 2022-05-17 2022 /pmc/articles/PMC9110631/ http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12517-022-10278-0 Text en © Saudi Society for Geosciences 2022 This article is made available via the PMC Open Access Subset for unrestricted research re-use and secondary analysis in any form or by any means with acknowledgement of the original source. These permissions are granted for the duration of the World Health Organization (WHO) declaration of COVID-19 as a global pandemic.
spellingShingle Original Paper
Ndjama, Josephine
Mafany, George
Nkoue Ndondo, Raoul Gustave
Belmond, Biram Eric
Ekoa Bessa, Armel Zacharie
Rare earth elements in surface waters and sediments of the Mgoua watershed, south western Cameroon
title Rare earth elements in surface waters and sediments of the Mgoua watershed, south western Cameroon
title_full Rare earth elements in surface waters and sediments of the Mgoua watershed, south western Cameroon
title_fullStr Rare earth elements in surface waters and sediments of the Mgoua watershed, south western Cameroon
title_full_unstemmed Rare earth elements in surface waters and sediments of the Mgoua watershed, south western Cameroon
title_short Rare earth elements in surface waters and sediments of the Mgoua watershed, south western Cameroon
title_sort rare earth elements in surface waters and sediments of the mgoua watershed, south western cameroon
topic Original Paper
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9110631/
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12517-022-10278-0
work_keys_str_mv AT ndjamajosephine rareearthelementsinsurfacewatersandsedimentsofthemgouawatershedsouthwesterncameroon
AT mafanygeorge rareearthelementsinsurfacewatersandsedimentsofthemgouawatershedsouthwesterncameroon
AT nkouendondoraoulgustave rareearthelementsinsurfacewatersandsedimentsofthemgouawatershedsouthwesterncameroon
AT belmondbirameric rareearthelementsinsurfacewatersandsedimentsofthemgouawatershedsouthwesterncameroon
AT ekoabessaarmelzacharie rareearthelementsinsurfacewatersandsedimentsofthemgouawatershedsouthwesterncameroon