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Maternal and infant risk factors and risk indicators associated with early childhood caries in South Africa: a systematic review

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the risk factors and risk indicators associated with early childhood caries in South Africa. DESIGN: A systematic review of aetiology was performed. From 1366 papers found, 23 studies met the eligibility criteria and were included. All study designs were included. Healthy chi...

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Autores principales: Kimmie-Dhansay, Faheema, Barrie, Robert, Roberts, Tina, Naidoo, Sudeshni
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: BioMed Central 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9118582/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35585594
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12903-022-02218-x
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author Kimmie-Dhansay, Faheema
Barrie, Robert
Roberts, Tina
Naidoo, Sudeshni
author_facet Kimmie-Dhansay, Faheema
Barrie, Robert
Roberts, Tina
Naidoo, Sudeshni
author_sort Kimmie-Dhansay, Faheema
collection PubMed
description OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the risk factors and risk indicators associated with early childhood caries in South Africa. DESIGN: A systematic review of aetiology was performed. From 1366 papers found, 23 studies met the eligibility criteria and were included. All study designs were included. Healthy children under six who live in South Africa were eligible for the study. The study was registered with PROSPERO, registration number CRD42020216455. DATA EXTRACTION: Eligible studies were selected, and data extracted independently by two reviewers. Published data on socio-economic status, dietary factors, oral hygiene knowledge and practices, breastfeeding and bottle-feeding practices, oral bacterial flora and other risk indicators were collected. Two authors appraised the studies independently using the Joanna Briggs Critical Appraisal tools. DATA ANALYSIS: Heterogeneity was assessed using the I(2) statistics, and due to heterogeneity, extracted data were mostly presented narratively. RESULTS: Meta-analysis was performed using random-effects models and concluded that parents of children who had a tertiary education had a 1.77 [1.22–2.57] odds of experiencing dental caries compared to the children of parents with a secondary education. However, the unclear risk of bias of most included cross-sectional studies precluded definitive conclusions. CONCLUSIONS: More high-quality cohort studies need to be performed to evaluate actual risk factors for ECC in a South African setting. Parental/caregiver oral educational knowledge needs promoting before the emergence of their children’s teeth. The social determinants of health need to be incorporated in future studies, and suitable targeted interventions need to be developed and implemented to mitigate early childhood caries in South Africa. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12903-022-02218-x.
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spelling pubmed-91185822022-05-20 Maternal and infant risk factors and risk indicators associated with early childhood caries in South Africa: a systematic review Kimmie-Dhansay, Faheema Barrie, Robert Roberts, Tina Naidoo, Sudeshni BMC Oral Health Research OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the risk factors and risk indicators associated with early childhood caries in South Africa. DESIGN: A systematic review of aetiology was performed. From 1366 papers found, 23 studies met the eligibility criteria and were included. All study designs were included. Healthy children under six who live in South Africa were eligible for the study. The study was registered with PROSPERO, registration number CRD42020216455. DATA EXTRACTION: Eligible studies were selected, and data extracted independently by two reviewers. Published data on socio-economic status, dietary factors, oral hygiene knowledge and practices, breastfeeding and bottle-feeding practices, oral bacterial flora and other risk indicators were collected. Two authors appraised the studies independently using the Joanna Briggs Critical Appraisal tools. DATA ANALYSIS: Heterogeneity was assessed using the I(2) statistics, and due to heterogeneity, extracted data were mostly presented narratively. RESULTS: Meta-analysis was performed using random-effects models and concluded that parents of children who had a tertiary education had a 1.77 [1.22–2.57] odds of experiencing dental caries compared to the children of parents with a secondary education. However, the unclear risk of bias of most included cross-sectional studies precluded definitive conclusions. CONCLUSIONS: More high-quality cohort studies need to be performed to evaluate actual risk factors for ECC in a South African setting. Parental/caregiver oral educational knowledge needs promoting before the emergence of their children’s teeth. The social determinants of health need to be incorporated in future studies, and suitable targeted interventions need to be developed and implemented to mitigate early childhood caries in South Africa. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12903-022-02218-x. BioMed Central 2022-05-18 /pmc/articles/PMC9118582/ /pubmed/35585594 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12903-022-02218-x Text en © The Author(s) 2022 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) . The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) ) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.
spellingShingle Research
Kimmie-Dhansay, Faheema
Barrie, Robert
Roberts, Tina
Naidoo, Sudeshni
Maternal and infant risk factors and risk indicators associated with early childhood caries in South Africa: a systematic review
title Maternal and infant risk factors and risk indicators associated with early childhood caries in South Africa: a systematic review
title_full Maternal and infant risk factors and risk indicators associated with early childhood caries in South Africa: a systematic review
title_fullStr Maternal and infant risk factors and risk indicators associated with early childhood caries in South Africa: a systematic review
title_full_unstemmed Maternal and infant risk factors and risk indicators associated with early childhood caries in South Africa: a systematic review
title_short Maternal and infant risk factors and risk indicators associated with early childhood caries in South Africa: a systematic review
title_sort maternal and infant risk factors and risk indicators associated with early childhood caries in south africa: a systematic review
topic Research
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9118582/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35585594
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12903-022-02218-x
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