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Association between obesity and mortality in the Costa Rican elderly: a cohort study

BACKGROUND: Costa Rica, along with other Latin American countries, is undergoing population aging, with an increase in the prevalence of chronic conditions, many of them resulting from a growing prevalence of obesity. As a result of the demographic and epidemiological transitions, the causes of morb...

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Autores principales: Santamaría-Ulloa, Carolina, Chinnock, Anne, Montero-López, Melina
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: BioMed Central 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9118765/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35585531
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12889-022-13381-9
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author Santamaría-Ulloa, Carolina
Chinnock, Anne
Montero-López, Melina
author_facet Santamaría-Ulloa, Carolina
Chinnock, Anne
Montero-López, Melina
author_sort Santamaría-Ulloa, Carolina
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: Costa Rica, along with other Latin American countries, is undergoing population aging, with an increase in the prevalence of chronic conditions, many of them resulting from a growing prevalence of obesity. As a result of the demographic and epidemiological transitions, the causes of morbidity and mortality have changed from communicable to non-communicable diseases. An increase in overweight and obesity is hypothesized to be related to premature mortality. This study assesses the association between obesity and both all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in a Costa Rican elderly population. METHODS: This is a secondary data analysis of the Costa Rican Longevity and Healthy Aging Study (CRELES, for its Spanish acronym), a longitudinal nationally representative cohort study of health and life-course experiences of the Costa Rican elderly. A baseline (n = 2827) and two subsequent 2-year follow-up interviews were conducted. Data analyses include descriptive statistics and survival models. Cox and Gompertz distributions were used to model general mortality and cardiovascular mortality as a function of obesity and controlling for confounders. Anthropometric measures used were Body Mass Index (BMI) and Waist Circumference (WC). RESULTS: Each one-unit increment in BMI was significantly associated to a 3,1% (p < 0.001) and 2,6% (p = 0.021) increment in general and cardiovascular mortality respectively. Each one-unit increment in WC was significantly associated with a 0,8% (p = 0.006) increment in general mortality, whereas WC was not significantly associated with cardiovascular mortality. CONCLUSIONS: Obesity is associated with mortality in the Costa Rican elderly. This association is strongest between obesity and all-cause mortality. As general obesity increases, all-cause and cardiovascular mortality also increase in this population. Similarly, as central obesity increases, all-cause mortality increases. Policies aimed at preventing obesity and chronic conditions are warranted for a better survival in this population.
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spelling pubmed-91187652022-05-20 Association between obesity and mortality in the Costa Rican elderly: a cohort study Santamaría-Ulloa, Carolina Chinnock, Anne Montero-López, Melina BMC Public Health Research BACKGROUND: Costa Rica, along with other Latin American countries, is undergoing population aging, with an increase in the prevalence of chronic conditions, many of them resulting from a growing prevalence of obesity. As a result of the demographic and epidemiological transitions, the causes of morbidity and mortality have changed from communicable to non-communicable diseases. An increase in overweight and obesity is hypothesized to be related to premature mortality. This study assesses the association between obesity and both all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in a Costa Rican elderly population. METHODS: This is a secondary data analysis of the Costa Rican Longevity and Healthy Aging Study (CRELES, for its Spanish acronym), a longitudinal nationally representative cohort study of health and life-course experiences of the Costa Rican elderly. A baseline (n = 2827) and two subsequent 2-year follow-up interviews were conducted. Data analyses include descriptive statistics and survival models. Cox and Gompertz distributions were used to model general mortality and cardiovascular mortality as a function of obesity and controlling for confounders. Anthropometric measures used were Body Mass Index (BMI) and Waist Circumference (WC). RESULTS: Each one-unit increment in BMI was significantly associated to a 3,1% (p < 0.001) and 2,6% (p = 0.021) increment in general and cardiovascular mortality respectively. Each one-unit increment in WC was significantly associated with a 0,8% (p = 0.006) increment in general mortality, whereas WC was not significantly associated with cardiovascular mortality. CONCLUSIONS: Obesity is associated with mortality in the Costa Rican elderly. This association is strongest between obesity and all-cause mortality. As general obesity increases, all-cause and cardiovascular mortality also increase in this population. Similarly, as central obesity increases, all-cause mortality increases. Policies aimed at preventing obesity and chronic conditions are warranted for a better survival in this population. BioMed Central 2022-05-18 /pmc/articles/PMC9118765/ /pubmed/35585531 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12889-022-13381-9 Text en © The Author(s) 2022 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) . The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) ) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.
spellingShingle Research
Santamaría-Ulloa, Carolina
Chinnock, Anne
Montero-López, Melina
Association between obesity and mortality in the Costa Rican elderly: a cohort study
title Association between obesity and mortality in the Costa Rican elderly: a cohort study
title_full Association between obesity and mortality in the Costa Rican elderly: a cohort study
title_fullStr Association between obesity and mortality in the Costa Rican elderly: a cohort study
title_full_unstemmed Association between obesity and mortality in the Costa Rican elderly: a cohort study
title_short Association between obesity and mortality in the Costa Rican elderly: a cohort study
title_sort association between obesity and mortality in the costa rican elderly: a cohort study
topic Research
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9118765/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35585531
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12889-022-13381-9
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