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Food hygiene practices and determinants among food handlers in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis

BACKGROUND: Food-borne diseases are a major public health concern worldwide, particularly in low and middle-income countries (LMICs), such as Ethiopia. Poor food hygiene practices primarily exacerbate food-borne illness transmission. Prior studies on the food hygiene practices among food handlers in...

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Autores principales: Zenbaba, Demisu, Sahiledengle, Biniyam, Nugusu, Fikadu, Beressa, Girma, Desta, Fikreab, Atlaw, Daniel, Chattu, Vijay Kumar
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: BioMed Central 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9118835/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35585619
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s41182-022-00423-6
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author Zenbaba, Demisu
Sahiledengle, Biniyam
Nugusu, Fikadu
Beressa, Girma
Desta, Fikreab
Atlaw, Daniel
Chattu, Vijay Kumar
author_facet Zenbaba, Demisu
Sahiledengle, Biniyam
Nugusu, Fikadu
Beressa, Girma
Desta, Fikreab
Atlaw, Daniel
Chattu, Vijay Kumar
author_sort Zenbaba, Demisu
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: Food-borne diseases are a major public health concern worldwide, particularly in low and middle-income countries (LMICs), such as Ethiopia. Poor food hygiene practices primarily exacerbate food-borne illness transmission. Prior studies on the food hygiene practices among food handlers in Ethiopia were inconsistent. Therefore, this meta-analysis and systematic review aimed to estimate the pooled proportion of good food hygiene practices and identify the determinants in Ethiopia. METHODS: The preferred reporting items for systematic review and meta-analysis (PRISMA) instruments were used, and a systematic search was performed in the PubMed/MEDLINE, POPLINE, HINARI, Science Direct, Cochrane Library databases, and Google Scholar were systematically last searched on the 24th February 2022 for relevant articles. Only the observational studies that reported the proportion of good food hygiene practices and their associated factors among food handlers were included. The quality of the included studies was assessed by two independent authors. Articles with unclear methodologies and did not report the overall proportions of good food hygiene practice were excluded. The effect estimates for pooled proportion and pooled odds ratio (POR) along with a 95% confidence interval (CI) were determined conducting using DerSimonian–Laird's random effect model. RESULTS: Among 817 retrieved studies, 23 eligible articles with a total sample size of 7153 study participants were included in the meta-analysis. The pooled proportion of good food hygiene practices among food handlers was 50.5% [95% CI: (41.6, 59.4%]; I(2) = 98.7%, p value = 0.001]. Food handlers with formal education (POR = 4.60, 95% CI: 3.05, 6.93), good knowledge (POR = 1.98, 95% CI: 1.26, 3.11), training (POR = 3.52, 95% CI: 2.35, 5.28), and a positive attitude (POR = 3.41, 95% CI: 2.52, 4.61) about food hygiene components, as well as regular medical checkups (POR = 6.75, 95% CI: 4.49) were significantly associated with good food hygiene practice. CONCLUSIONS: Only half of Ethiopia's food handlers had good food hygiene practice. IMPLICATION OF THE STUDY: The key elements of effective food hygiene practice that will aid in the development of feasible interventions to increase food handler compliance with food hygiene components have been identified. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s41182-022-00423-6.
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spelling pubmed-91188352022-05-20 Food hygiene practices and determinants among food handlers in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis Zenbaba, Demisu Sahiledengle, Biniyam Nugusu, Fikadu Beressa, Girma Desta, Fikreab Atlaw, Daniel Chattu, Vijay Kumar Trop Med Health Research BACKGROUND: Food-borne diseases are a major public health concern worldwide, particularly in low and middle-income countries (LMICs), such as Ethiopia. Poor food hygiene practices primarily exacerbate food-borne illness transmission. Prior studies on the food hygiene practices among food handlers in Ethiopia were inconsistent. Therefore, this meta-analysis and systematic review aimed to estimate the pooled proportion of good food hygiene practices and identify the determinants in Ethiopia. METHODS: The preferred reporting items for systematic review and meta-analysis (PRISMA) instruments were used, and a systematic search was performed in the PubMed/MEDLINE, POPLINE, HINARI, Science Direct, Cochrane Library databases, and Google Scholar were systematically last searched on the 24th February 2022 for relevant articles. Only the observational studies that reported the proportion of good food hygiene practices and their associated factors among food handlers were included. The quality of the included studies was assessed by two independent authors. Articles with unclear methodologies and did not report the overall proportions of good food hygiene practice were excluded. The effect estimates for pooled proportion and pooled odds ratio (POR) along with a 95% confidence interval (CI) were determined conducting using DerSimonian–Laird's random effect model. RESULTS: Among 817 retrieved studies, 23 eligible articles with a total sample size of 7153 study participants were included in the meta-analysis. The pooled proportion of good food hygiene practices among food handlers was 50.5% [95% CI: (41.6, 59.4%]; I(2) = 98.7%, p value = 0.001]. Food handlers with formal education (POR = 4.60, 95% CI: 3.05, 6.93), good knowledge (POR = 1.98, 95% CI: 1.26, 3.11), training (POR = 3.52, 95% CI: 2.35, 5.28), and a positive attitude (POR = 3.41, 95% CI: 2.52, 4.61) about food hygiene components, as well as regular medical checkups (POR = 6.75, 95% CI: 4.49) were significantly associated with good food hygiene practice. CONCLUSIONS: Only half of Ethiopia's food handlers had good food hygiene practice. IMPLICATION OF THE STUDY: The key elements of effective food hygiene practice that will aid in the development of feasible interventions to increase food handler compliance with food hygiene components have been identified. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s41182-022-00423-6. BioMed Central 2022-05-19 /pmc/articles/PMC9118835/ /pubmed/35585619 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s41182-022-00423-6 Text en © The Author(s) 2022 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) .
spellingShingle Research
Zenbaba, Demisu
Sahiledengle, Biniyam
Nugusu, Fikadu
Beressa, Girma
Desta, Fikreab
Atlaw, Daniel
Chattu, Vijay Kumar
Food hygiene practices and determinants among food handlers in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis
title Food hygiene practices and determinants among food handlers in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis
title_full Food hygiene practices and determinants among food handlers in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis
title_fullStr Food hygiene practices and determinants among food handlers in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis
title_full_unstemmed Food hygiene practices and determinants among food handlers in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis
title_short Food hygiene practices and determinants among food handlers in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis
title_sort food hygiene practices and determinants among food handlers in ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis
topic Research
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9118835/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35585619
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s41182-022-00423-6
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