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Effects of chlorine particle concentration on the human airway
For COVID-19, chlorine has lately been utilised as a home disinfectant. Given that chlorine is hazardous to the human airway, the current research investigates the effects of chlorine mass fraction and droplet size on the human airway. The effects are investigated at chlorine mass ratios of 2% (24 p...
Autores principales: | , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Springer Netherlands
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9119845/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35611356 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11051-022-05493-5 |
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author | Elwekeel, Fifi N. M. Cui, Xinguang Abdala, Antar M. M. |
author_facet | Elwekeel, Fifi N. M. Cui, Xinguang Abdala, Antar M. M. |
author_sort | Elwekeel, Fifi N. M. |
collection | PubMed |
description | For COVID-19, chlorine has lately been utilised as a home disinfectant. Given that chlorine is hazardous to the human airway, the current research investigates the effects of chlorine mass fraction and droplet size on the human airway. The effects are investigated at chlorine mass ratios of 2% (24 ppm), 10% (120 ppm), 15% (180 ppm), and 20% (240 ppm), as well as chlorine particle diameters of 10 nm, 20 nm, 30 nm, and 50 nm, and three inhalation rates (15 l/min, 30 l/min, and 60 l/min). The results reveal that when the chlorine mass fraction is 2% and the inhalation rate is low, the chlorine volume fraction decreases. Furthermore, at 2% chlorine and a rapid breathing rate, chlorine particles are accelerated to escape into the lungs. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9119845 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | Springer Netherlands |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-91198452022-05-20 Effects of chlorine particle concentration on the human airway Elwekeel, Fifi N. M. Cui, Xinguang Abdala, Antar M. M. J Nanopart Res Research Paper For COVID-19, chlorine has lately been utilised as a home disinfectant. Given that chlorine is hazardous to the human airway, the current research investigates the effects of chlorine mass fraction and droplet size on the human airway. The effects are investigated at chlorine mass ratios of 2% (24 ppm), 10% (120 ppm), 15% (180 ppm), and 20% (240 ppm), as well as chlorine particle diameters of 10 nm, 20 nm, 30 nm, and 50 nm, and three inhalation rates (15 l/min, 30 l/min, and 60 l/min). The results reveal that when the chlorine mass fraction is 2% and the inhalation rate is low, the chlorine volume fraction decreases. Furthermore, at 2% chlorine and a rapid breathing rate, chlorine particles are accelerated to escape into the lungs. Springer Netherlands 2022-05-20 2022 /pmc/articles/PMC9119845/ /pubmed/35611356 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11051-022-05493-5 Text en © The Author(s) 2022 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) . |
spellingShingle | Research Paper Elwekeel, Fifi N. M. Cui, Xinguang Abdala, Antar M. M. Effects of chlorine particle concentration on the human airway |
title | Effects of chlorine particle concentration on the human airway |
title_full | Effects of chlorine particle concentration on the human airway |
title_fullStr | Effects of chlorine particle concentration on the human airway |
title_full_unstemmed | Effects of chlorine particle concentration on the human airway |
title_short | Effects of chlorine particle concentration on the human airway |
title_sort | effects of chlorine particle concentration on the human airway |
topic | Research Paper |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9119845/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35611356 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11051-022-05493-5 |
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