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Purinergic signaling systems across comparative models of spinal cord injury
Within the last several decades, the scientific community has made substantial progress in elucidating the complex pathophysiology underlying spinal cord injury. However, despite the many advances using conventional mammalian models, both cellular and axonal regeneration following spinal cord injury...
Autores principales: | , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Wolters Kluwer - Medknow
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9120689/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35535876 http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/1673-5374.338993 |
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author | Stefanova, Eva E. Scott, Angela L. |
author_facet | Stefanova, Eva E. Scott, Angela L. |
author_sort | Stefanova, Eva E. |
collection | PubMed |
description | Within the last several decades, the scientific community has made substantial progress in elucidating the complex pathophysiology underlying spinal cord injury. However, despite the many advances using conventional mammalian models, both cellular and axonal regeneration following spinal cord injury have remained out of reach. In this sense, turning to non-mammalian, regenerative species presents a unique opportunity to identify pro-regenerative cues and characterize a spinal cord microenvironment permissive to re-growth. Among the signaling pathways hypothesized to be dysregulated during spinal cord injury is the purinergic signaling system. In addition to its well-known role as energy currency in cells, ATP and its metabolites are small molecule neurotransmitters that mediate many diverse cellular processes within the central nervous system. While our understanding of the roles of the purinergic system following spinal cord injury is limited, this signaling pathway has been implicated in all injury-induced secondary processes, including cellular death, inflammation, reactive gliosis, and neural regeneration. Given that the purinergic system is also evolutionarily conserved between mammalian and non-mammalian species, comparisons of these roles may provide important insights into conditions responsible for recovery success. Here, we compare the secondary processes between key model species and the influence of purinergic signaling in each context. As our understanding of this signaling system and pro-regenerative conditions continues to evolve, so does the potential for the development of novel therapeutic interventions for spinal cord injury. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9120689 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | Wolters Kluwer - Medknow |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-91206892022-05-21 Purinergic signaling systems across comparative models of spinal cord injury Stefanova, Eva E. Scott, Angela L. Neural Regen Res Review Within the last several decades, the scientific community has made substantial progress in elucidating the complex pathophysiology underlying spinal cord injury. However, despite the many advances using conventional mammalian models, both cellular and axonal regeneration following spinal cord injury have remained out of reach. In this sense, turning to non-mammalian, regenerative species presents a unique opportunity to identify pro-regenerative cues and characterize a spinal cord microenvironment permissive to re-growth. Among the signaling pathways hypothesized to be dysregulated during spinal cord injury is the purinergic signaling system. In addition to its well-known role as energy currency in cells, ATP and its metabolites are small molecule neurotransmitters that mediate many diverse cellular processes within the central nervous system. While our understanding of the roles of the purinergic system following spinal cord injury is limited, this signaling pathway has been implicated in all injury-induced secondary processes, including cellular death, inflammation, reactive gliosis, and neural regeneration. Given that the purinergic system is also evolutionarily conserved between mammalian and non-mammalian species, comparisons of these roles may provide important insights into conditions responsible for recovery success. Here, we compare the secondary processes between key model species and the influence of purinergic signaling in each context. As our understanding of this signaling system and pro-regenerative conditions continues to evolve, so does the potential for the development of novel therapeutic interventions for spinal cord injury. Wolters Kluwer - Medknow 2022-04-01 /pmc/articles/PMC9120689/ /pubmed/35535876 http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/1673-5374.338993 Text en Copyright: © Neural Regeneration Research https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/This is an open access journal, and articles are distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 License, which allows others to remix, tweak, and build upon the work non-commercially, as long as appropriate credit is given and the new creations are licensed under the identical terms. |
spellingShingle | Review Stefanova, Eva E. Scott, Angela L. Purinergic signaling systems across comparative models of spinal cord injury |
title | Purinergic signaling systems across comparative models of spinal cord injury |
title_full | Purinergic signaling systems across comparative models of spinal cord injury |
title_fullStr | Purinergic signaling systems across comparative models of spinal cord injury |
title_full_unstemmed | Purinergic signaling systems across comparative models of spinal cord injury |
title_short | Purinergic signaling systems across comparative models of spinal cord injury |
title_sort | purinergic signaling systems across comparative models of spinal cord injury |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9120689/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35535876 http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/1673-5374.338993 |
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