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Subjective Cognitive Complaints in Unaffected First-Degree Relatives of Schizophrenia Patients: Relation to Cognitive Performance, Psychotic Experiences, and Social Functioning
BACKGROUND: Neurocognitive deficits are well-documented in patients of schizophrenia and their first-degree relatives (FDRs). Metacognitive awareness of these deficits, called neurocognitive insight (NI), has been found to be poor in schizophrenia patients but has not been assessed in their FDRs. Th...
Autores principales: | , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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SAGE Publications
2021
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Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9120994/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35655986 http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/02537176211010504 |
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author | Baliga, Sachin P Kedare, Jahnavi S Mankar, Utkarsh J Kamath, Ravindra M |
author_facet | Baliga, Sachin P Kedare, Jahnavi S Mankar, Utkarsh J Kamath, Ravindra M |
author_sort | Baliga, Sachin P |
collection | PubMed |
description | BACKGROUND: Neurocognitive deficits are well-documented in patients of schizophrenia and their first-degree relatives (FDRs). Metacognitive awareness of these deficits, called neurocognitive insight (NI), has been found to be poor in schizophrenia patients but has not been assessed in their FDRs. This study evaluated NI and its relationship with objective cognitive performance, a history of psychotic experiences (PEs), and social functioning in unaffected FDRs. METHODS: This cross-sectional study was conducted at the outpatient department of a tertiary care teaching hospital. A total of 100 FDRs were assessed for PEs and evaluated for subjective cognitive complaints (SCC), objective cognitive performance, and social functioning using the Subjective Scale to Investigate Cognition in Schizophrenia, neurocognitive tests from the National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences battery, and SCARF Social Functioning Index, respectively. RESULTS: Compared to normative data, episodic memory was the most commonly impaired domain (up to 72% of participants), followed by working memory, attention, and executive function. There was no correlation between SCC and neuropsychological test scores in the corresponding cognitive domains, implying poor NI. 15% of participants had a lifetime history of PEs. This group had significantly higher SCC as compared to those without PEs (U = 0.366, P = 0.009, r = 0.26). A regression analysis showed that the FDRs’ social functioning reduced by 0.178 units for each unit increase in SCC [F (1,98) = 5.198, P = 0.025]. CONCLUSION: Similar to schizophrenia patients, FDRs also have poor NI. The severity and progression of SCC could be explored as a possible marker for screening and monitoring FDRs at an ultrahigh risk for psychosis. Importantly, even in unaffected FDRs, SCC could affect socio-occupational functioning and need further research. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9120994 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | SAGE Publications |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-91209942022-06-01 Subjective Cognitive Complaints in Unaffected First-Degree Relatives of Schizophrenia Patients: Relation to Cognitive Performance, Psychotic Experiences, and Social Functioning Baliga, Sachin P Kedare, Jahnavi S Mankar, Utkarsh J Kamath, Ravindra M Indian J Psychol Med Original Articles BACKGROUND: Neurocognitive deficits are well-documented in patients of schizophrenia and their first-degree relatives (FDRs). Metacognitive awareness of these deficits, called neurocognitive insight (NI), has been found to be poor in schizophrenia patients but has not been assessed in their FDRs. This study evaluated NI and its relationship with objective cognitive performance, a history of psychotic experiences (PEs), and social functioning in unaffected FDRs. METHODS: This cross-sectional study was conducted at the outpatient department of a tertiary care teaching hospital. A total of 100 FDRs were assessed for PEs and evaluated for subjective cognitive complaints (SCC), objective cognitive performance, and social functioning using the Subjective Scale to Investigate Cognition in Schizophrenia, neurocognitive tests from the National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences battery, and SCARF Social Functioning Index, respectively. RESULTS: Compared to normative data, episodic memory was the most commonly impaired domain (up to 72% of participants), followed by working memory, attention, and executive function. There was no correlation between SCC and neuropsychological test scores in the corresponding cognitive domains, implying poor NI. 15% of participants had a lifetime history of PEs. This group had significantly higher SCC as compared to those without PEs (U = 0.366, P = 0.009, r = 0.26). A regression analysis showed that the FDRs’ social functioning reduced by 0.178 units for each unit increase in SCC [F (1,98) = 5.198, P = 0.025]. CONCLUSION: Similar to schizophrenia patients, FDRs also have poor NI. The severity and progression of SCC could be explored as a possible marker for screening and monitoring FDRs at an ultrahigh risk for psychosis. Importantly, even in unaffected FDRs, SCC could affect socio-occupational functioning and need further research. SAGE Publications 2021-07-29 2022-03 /pmc/articles/PMC9120994/ /pubmed/35655986 http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/02537176211010504 Text en © 2021 Indian Psychiatric Society - South Zonal Branch https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits non-commercial use, reproduction and distribution of the work without further permission provided the original work is attributed as specified on the SAGE and Open Access page (https://us.sagepub.com/en-us/nam/open-access-at-sage). |
spellingShingle | Original Articles Baliga, Sachin P Kedare, Jahnavi S Mankar, Utkarsh J Kamath, Ravindra M Subjective Cognitive Complaints in Unaffected First-Degree Relatives of Schizophrenia Patients: Relation to Cognitive Performance, Psychotic Experiences, and Social Functioning |
title | Subjective Cognitive Complaints in Unaffected First-Degree Relatives
of Schizophrenia Patients: Relation to Cognitive Performance, Psychotic
Experiences, and Social Functioning |
title_full | Subjective Cognitive Complaints in Unaffected First-Degree Relatives
of Schizophrenia Patients: Relation to Cognitive Performance, Psychotic
Experiences, and Social Functioning |
title_fullStr | Subjective Cognitive Complaints in Unaffected First-Degree Relatives
of Schizophrenia Patients: Relation to Cognitive Performance, Psychotic
Experiences, and Social Functioning |
title_full_unstemmed | Subjective Cognitive Complaints in Unaffected First-Degree Relatives
of Schizophrenia Patients: Relation to Cognitive Performance, Psychotic
Experiences, and Social Functioning |
title_short | Subjective Cognitive Complaints in Unaffected First-Degree Relatives
of Schizophrenia Patients: Relation to Cognitive Performance, Psychotic
Experiences, and Social Functioning |
title_sort | subjective cognitive complaints in unaffected first-degree relatives
of schizophrenia patients: relation to cognitive performance, psychotic
experiences, and social functioning |
topic | Original Articles |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9120994/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35655986 http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/02537176211010504 |
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