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Estimated effect of vitamin A supplementation on anaemia and anthropometric failure of Indian children
BACKGROUND: India has an unacceptably high burden of vitamin A deficiency (VAD) among children aged 6–59 months. To mitigate VAD and its adverse effects on child health, the Indian government runs a nationwide vitamin A supplementation (VAS) programme. However, the effect of VAS in reducing child mo...
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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Nature Publishing Group US
2022
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Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9122827/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35140334 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41390-022-01969-1 |
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author | Rai, Rajesh Kumar |
author_facet | Rai, Rajesh Kumar |
author_sort | Rai, Rajesh Kumar |
collection | PubMed |
description | BACKGROUND: India has an unacceptably high burden of vitamin A deficiency (VAD) among children aged 6–59 months. To mitigate VAD and its adverse effects on child health, the Indian government runs a nationwide vitamin A supplementation (VAS) programme. However, the effect of VAS in reducing child morbidity and mortality remains inconclusive and has been debated globally. In this paper, we estimate the effect of VAS on two indicators of child nutrition—anaemia (categorized into any anaemia, and mild/moderate anaemia) and anthropometric failure (categorized into stunting, wasting, and underweight) among children aged 6–59 months. METHODS: Using the nationally representative 2015–2016 National Family Health Survey data set from India, we set up a quasi-experimental study design and estimated household and mother fixed-effects of VAS on select types of child anaemia and anthropometric failure. RESULTS: Findings from both the household fixed-effects and mother fixed-effects analysis showed that VAS does not influence any types of childhood anaemia and anthropometric failure in India. We discussed the findings considering existing literature and possible limitations of the study. CONCLUSIONS: The infirm effect of Vitamin A on anaemia and anthropometric failure is probably indicative of targeted VAS intervention, as opposed to a universal VAS programme. IMPACT: Effects of vitamin A supplementation (VAS) in treating child morbidity and mortality remain inconclusive, which calls for further rigorous studies. This study set up a quasi-experimental research design and estimated the null effect of VAS on child anaemia and childhood anthropometric failure. While the cautious interpretation of findings is urged, this study reliably supports targeted intervention of VAS, instead of the universal VAS programme. The use of nationally representative data and robust research protocol are the primary strengths of this study. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9122827 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | Nature Publishing Group US |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-91228272022-05-22 Estimated effect of vitamin A supplementation on anaemia and anthropometric failure of Indian children Rai, Rajesh Kumar Pediatr Res Population Study Article BACKGROUND: India has an unacceptably high burden of vitamin A deficiency (VAD) among children aged 6–59 months. To mitigate VAD and its adverse effects on child health, the Indian government runs a nationwide vitamin A supplementation (VAS) programme. However, the effect of VAS in reducing child morbidity and mortality remains inconclusive and has been debated globally. In this paper, we estimate the effect of VAS on two indicators of child nutrition—anaemia (categorized into any anaemia, and mild/moderate anaemia) and anthropometric failure (categorized into stunting, wasting, and underweight) among children aged 6–59 months. METHODS: Using the nationally representative 2015–2016 National Family Health Survey data set from India, we set up a quasi-experimental study design and estimated household and mother fixed-effects of VAS on select types of child anaemia and anthropometric failure. RESULTS: Findings from both the household fixed-effects and mother fixed-effects analysis showed that VAS does not influence any types of childhood anaemia and anthropometric failure in India. We discussed the findings considering existing literature and possible limitations of the study. CONCLUSIONS: The infirm effect of Vitamin A on anaemia and anthropometric failure is probably indicative of targeted VAS intervention, as opposed to a universal VAS programme. IMPACT: Effects of vitamin A supplementation (VAS) in treating child morbidity and mortality remain inconclusive, which calls for further rigorous studies. This study set up a quasi-experimental research design and estimated the null effect of VAS on child anaemia and childhood anthropometric failure. While the cautious interpretation of findings is urged, this study reliably supports targeted intervention of VAS, instead of the universal VAS programme. The use of nationally representative data and robust research protocol are the primary strengths of this study. Nature Publishing Group US 2022-02-09 2022 /pmc/articles/PMC9122827/ /pubmed/35140334 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41390-022-01969-1 Text en © The Author(s) 2022 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) . |
spellingShingle | Population Study Article Rai, Rajesh Kumar Estimated effect of vitamin A supplementation on anaemia and anthropometric failure of Indian children |
title | Estimated effect of vitamin A supplementation on anaemia and anthropometric failure of Indian children |
title_full | Estimated effect of vitamin A supplementation on anaemia and anthropometric failure of Indian children |
title_fullStr | Estimated effect of vitamin A supplementation on anaemia and anthropometric failure of Indian children |
title_full_unstemmed | Estimated effect of vitamin A supplementation on anaemia and anthropometric failure of Indian children |
title_short | Estimated effect of vitamin A supplementation on anaemia and anthropometric failure of Indian children |
title_sort | estimated effect of vitamin a supplementation on anaemia and anthropometric failure of indian children |
topic | Population Study Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9122827/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35140334 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41390-022-01969-1 |
work_keys_str_mv | AT rairajeshkumar estimatedeffectofvitaminasupplementationonanaemiaandanthropometricfailureofindianchildren |