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Lung Cancer and Radon: Pooled Analysis of Uranium Miners Hired in 1960 or Later
BACKGROUND: Despite reductions in exposure for workers and the general public, radon remains a leading cause of lung cancer. Prior studies of underground miners depended heavily upon information on deaths among miners employed in the early years of mine operations when exposures were high and tended...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Environmental Health Perspectives
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9126132/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35604341 http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/EHP10669 |
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author | Richardson, David B. Rage, Estelle Demers, Paul A. Do, Minh T. Fenske, Nora Deffner, Veronika Kreuzer, Michaela Samet, Jonathan Bertke, Stephen J. Kelly-Reif, Kaitlin Schubauer-Berigan, Mary K. Tomasek, Ladislav Zablotska, Lydia B. Wiggins, Charles Laurier, Dominique |
author_facet | Richardson, David B. Rage, Estelle Demers, Paul A. Do, Minh T. Fenske, Nora Deffner, Veronika Kreuzer, Michaela Samet, Jonathan Bertke, Stephen J. Kelly-Reif, Kaitlin Schubauer-Berigan, Mary K. Tomasek, Ladislav Zablotska, Lydia B. Wiggins, Charles Laurier, Dominique |
author_sort | Richardson, David B. |
collection | PubMed |
description | BACKGROUND: Despite reductions in exposure for workers and the general public, radon remains a leading cause of lung cancer. Prior studies of underground miners depended heavily upon information on deaths among miners employed in the early years of mine operations when exposures were high and tended to be poorly estimated. OBJECTIVES: To strengthen the basis for radiation protection, we report on the follow-up of workers employed in the later periods of mine operations for whom we have more accurate exposure information and for whom exposures tended to be accrued at intensities that are more comparable to contemporary settings. METHODS: We conducted a pooled analysis of cohort studies of lung cancer mortality among 57,873 male uranium miners in Canada, Czech Republic, France, Germany, and the United States, who were first employed in 1960 or later (thereby excluding miners employed during the periods of highest exposure and focusing on miners who tend to have higher quality assessments of radon progeny exposures). We derived estimates of excess relative rate per 100 working level months (ERR/100 WLM) for mortality from lung cancer. RESULTS: The analysis included [Formula: see text] person-years of observation and 1,217 deaths due to lung cancer. The relative rate of lung cancer increased in a linear fashion with cumulative exposure to radon progeny (ERR/100 [Formula: see text]; 95% CI: 0.89, 1.88). The association was modified by attained age, age at exposure, and annual exposure rate; for attained ages [Formula: see text] , the ERR/100 WLM was 8.38 (95% CI: 3.30, 18.99) among miners who were exposed at [Formula: see text] of age and at annual exposure rates of [Formula: see text] working levels. This association decreased with older attained ages, younger ages at exposure, and higher exposure rates. DISCUSSION: Estimates of association between radon progeny exposure and lung cancer mortality among relatively contemporary miners are coherent with estimates used to inform current protection guidelines. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP10669 |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9126132 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | Environmental Health Perspectives |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-91261322022-05-24 Lung Cancer and Radon: Pooled Analysis of Uranium Miners Hired in 1960 or Later Richardson, David B. Rage, Estelle Demers, Paul A. Do, Minh T. Fenske, Nora Deffner, Veronika Kreuzer, Michaela Samet, Jonathan Bertke, Stephen J. Kelly-Reif, Kaitlin Schubauer-Berigan, Mary K. Tomasek, Ladislav Zablotska, Lydia B. Wiggins, Charles Laurier, Dominique Environ Health Perspect Research BACKGROUND: Despite reductions in exposure for workers and the general public, radon remains a leading cause of lung cancer. Prior studies of underground miners depended heavily upon information on deaths among miners employed in the early years of mine operations when exposures were high and tended to be poorly estimated. OBJECTIVES: To strengthen the basis for radiation protection, we report on the follow-up of workers employed in the later periods of mine operations for whom we have more accurate exposure information and for whom exposures tended to be accrued at intensities that are more comparable to contemporary settings. METHODS: We conducted a pooled analysis of cohort studies of lung cancer mortality among 57,873 male uranium miners in Canada, Czech Republic, France, Germany, and the United States, who were first employed in 1960 or later (thereby excluding miners employed during the periods of highest exposure and focusing on miners who tend to have higher quality assessments of radon progeny exposures). We derived estimates of excess relative rate per 100 working level months (ERR/100 WLM) for mortality from lung cancer. RESULTS: The analysis included [Formula: see text] person-years of observation and 1,217 deaths due to lung cancer. The relative rate of lung cancer increased in a linear fashion with cumulative exposure to radon progeny (ERR/100 [Formula: see text]; 95% CI: 0.89, 1.88). The association was modified by attained age, age at exposure, and annual exposure rate; for attained ages [Formula: see text] , the ERR/100 WLM was 8.38 (95% CI: 3.30, 18.99) among miners who were exposed at [Formula: see text] of age and at annual exposure rates of [Formula: see text] working levels. This association decreased with older attained ages, younger ages at exposure, and higher exposure rates. DISCUSSION: Estimates of association between radon progeny exposure and lung cancer mortality among relatively contemporary miners are coherent with estimates used to inform current protection guidelines. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP10669 Environmental Health Perspectives 2022-05-23 /pmc/articles/PMC9126132/ /pubmed/35604341 http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/EHP10669 Text en https://ehp.niehs.nih.gov/about-ehp/licenseEHP is an open-access journal published with support from the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health. All content is public domain unless otherwise noted. |
spellingShingle | Research Richardson, David B. Rage, Estelle Demers, Paul A. Do, Minh T. Fenske, Nora Deffner, Veronika Kreuzer, Michaela Samet, Jonathan Bertke, Stephen J. Kelly-Reif, Kaitlin Schubauer-Berigan, Mary K. Tomasek, Ladislav Zablotska, Lydia B. Wiggins, Charles Laurier, Dominique Lung Cancer and Radon: Pooled Analysis of Uranium Miners Hired in 1960 or Later |
title | Lung Cancer and Radon: Pooled Analysis of Uranium Miners Hired in 1960 or Later |
title_full | Lung Cancer and Radon: Pooled Analysis of Uranium Miners Hired in 1960 or Later |
title_fullStr | Lung Cancer and Radon: Pooled Analysis of Uranium Miners Hired in 1960 or Later |
title_full_unstemmed | Lung Cancer and Radon: Pooled Analysis of Uranium Miners Hired in 1960 or Later |
title_short | Lung Cancer and Radon: Pooled Analysis of Uranium Miners Hired in 1960 or Later |
title_sort | lung cancer and radon: pooled analysis of uranium miners hired in 1960 or later |
topic | Research |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9126132/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35604341 http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/EHP10669 |
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