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Impact of High-Altitude Hypoxia on Bone Defect Repair: A Review of Molecular Mechanisms and Therapeutic Implications

Reaching areas at altitudes over 2,500–3,000 m above sea level has become increasingly common due to commerce, military deployment, tourism, and entertainment. The high-altitude environment exerts systemic effects on humans that represent a series of compensatory reactions and affects the activity o...

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Autores principales: Chen, Pei, Liu, Yushan, Liu, Wenjing, Wang, Yarong, Liu, Ziyi, Rong, Mingdeng
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9127390/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35620712
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2022.842800
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author Chen, Pei
Liu, Yushan
Liu, Wenjing
Wang, Yarong
Liu, Ziyi
Rong, Mingdeng
author_facet Chen, Pei
Liu, Yushan
Liu, Wenjing
Wang, Yarong
Liu, Ziyi
Rong, Mingdeng
author_sort Chen, Pei
collection PubMed
description Reaching areas at altitudes over 2,500–3,000 m above sea level has become increasingly common due to commerce, military deployment, tourism, and entertainment. The high-altitude environment exerts systemic effects on humans that represent a series of compensatory reactions and affects the activity of bone cells. Cellular structures closely related to oxygen-sensing produce corresponding functional changes, resulting in decreased tissue vascularization, declined repair ability of bone defects, and longer healing time. This review focuses on the impact of high-altitude hypoxia on bone defect repair and discusses the possible mechanisms related to ion channels, reactive oxygen species production, mitochondrial function, autophagy, and epigenetics. Based on the key pathogenic mechanisms, potential therapeutic strategies have also been suggested. This review contributes novel insights into the mechanisms of abnormal bone defect repair in hypoxic environments, along with therapeutic applications. We aim to provide a foundation for future targeted, personalized, and precise bone regeneration therapies according to the adaptation of patients to high altitudes.
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spelling pubmed-91273902022-05-25 Impact of High-Altitude Hypoxia on Bone Defect Repair: A Review of Molecular Mechanisms and Therapeutic Implications Chen, Pei Liu, Yushan Liu, Wenjing Wang, Yarong Liu, Ziyi Rong, Mingdeng Front Med (Lausanne) Medicine Reaching areas at altitudes over 2,500–3,000 m above sea level has become increasingly common due to commerce, military deployment, tourism, and entertainment. The high-altitude environment exerts systemic effects on humans that represent a series of compensatory reactions and affects the activity of bone cells. Cellular structures closely related to oxygen-sensing produce corresponding functional changes, resulting in decreased tissue vascularization, declined repair ability of bone defects, and longer healing time. This review focuses on the impact of high-altitude hypoxia on bone defect repair and discusses the possible mechanisms related to ion channels, reactive oxygen species production, mitochondrial function, autophagy, and epigenetics. Based on the key pathogenic mechanisms, potential therapeutic strategies have also been suggested. This review contributes novel insights into the mechanisms of abnormal bone defect repair in hypoxic environments, along with therapeutic applications. We aim to provide a foundation for future targeted, personalized, and precise bone regeneration therapies according to the adaptation of patients to high altitudes. Frontiers Media S.A. 2022-05-10 /pmc/articles/PMC9127390/ /pubmed/35620712 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2022.842800 Text en Copyright © 2022 Chen, Liu, Liu, Wang, Liu and Rong. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Medicine
Chen, Pei
Liu, Yushan
Liu, Wenjing
Wang, Yarong
Liu, Ziyi
Rong, Mingdeng
Impact of High-Altitude Hypoxia on Bone Defect Repair: A Review of Molecular Mechanisms and Therapeutic Implications
title Impact of High-Altitude Hypoxia on Bone Defect Repair: A Review of Molecular Mechanisms and Therapeutic Implications
title_full Impact of High-Altitude Hypoxia on Bone Defect Repair: A Review of Molecular Mechanisms and Therapeutic Implications
title_fullStr Impact of High-Altitude Hypoxia on Bone Defect Repair: A Review of Molecular Mechanisms and Therapeutic Implications
title_full_unstemmed Impact of High-Altitude Hypoxia on Bone Defect Repair: A Review of Molecular Mechanisms and Therapeutic Implications
title_short Impact of High-Altitude Hypoxia on Bone Defect Repair: A Review of Molecular Mechanisms and Therapeutic Implications
title_sort impact of high-altitude hypoxia on bone defect repair: a review of molecular mechanisms and therapeutic implications
topic Medicine
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9127390/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35620712
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2022.842800
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