Evidence of Streptococcal Infection in a new onset Paediatric OCD

• BACKGROUND: Childhood Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD) and tic disorders have been suggested to be associated with infections caused by group A b haemolytic streptococcus, a hypothesis termed Paediatric Autoimmune Mediated Neuropsychiatric Disorders Associated With Streptococcal Infections (PANDAS). Nevertheless, it is still not completely understood. This case report highlights the need of investigating a new onset childhood OCD. • AIM: To report the Paediatric OCD associated with streptococcal infection. • METHODS: We evaluated a 7-year-old child in OPD who presented with obsessions and compulsions for 3 months with no previous psychiatric history. • RESULTS: Patient detailed history was taken. She developed obsessions and compulsions since 3 months. She developed irritability when others stopped her from yielding to compulsions. Her mother reported history of fever 4 months back which was treated by antibiotics from nearby hospital. She was treated with Fluoxetine and Clonazepam. On investigation, her ASO titre was >200.She showed improvement within 3 months of initiating treatment. • CONCLUSION: OCD and tic disorders are hypothesized to arise in some children as a result of a post streptococcal autoimmune process. Through this case report, need for investigating new onset psychiatric disorders is emphasized.