Hindi translation, Cultural adaptation and Validation of Eating Disorder Diagnostic Scale (EDDS): A study from Bariatric Clinics, Maulana Azad Medical College & Lok Nayak Hospital, New Delhi, in North India

BACKGROUND: A culturally appropriate tool to screen and diagnose Eating Disorders (EDs) is lacking in India. AIM: To translate, adapt and validate Eating Disorder Diagnostic Screen (EDDS) in Hindi. METHODS: World Health Organization (WHO) process of translation and adaptation of instruments was used. Hindi translation of EDDS was done by three psychiatrists, two of whom were familiar with western culture, their mother tongue being Hindi. The bilingual panel of experts, including three surgeons, one Professor in English language, one morbidly-obese person [with International English Language Testing System (IELTS) score Band 8.5] resolved inconsistencies in translations. Back translation to the English language was done by an independent translator. Pre-testing/focussed-group-discussion/cognitive-interviewing was done in morbidly-obese patients (n=55). Hindi-version so-developed was administered on students (n=120) after a week. Test-retest reliability was assessed. The original EDDS, Modified Weight Bias Internalization Scale (WBIS-M), and Fat Phobia Scale-Short Form (FPS-SF) were applied on 175 participants [students (n=120), patients (n=55)]. Psychometric properties of Hindi-EDDS were investigated. RESULTS: The mean age of students and patients were 18.60 and 43.38 years, respectively. The mean Body-Mass Index (BMI) of students and patients was 21.77 and 43.21Kg/m(2), respectively. Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin test and Bartlett’s Test of Sphericity for sample adequacy was 0.859 and χ2=3155.775;p=0.000, respectively. Spearman-Brown coefficient for Hindi-EDDS was 0.755 and 0.707, respectively. Internal consistency (Cronbach’s alpha and Kuder–Richardson 20) was α=0.898. Cross-language concordance had significant intra-class correlation coefficient (0.725-1.000). WBIS-M and FPS-SF showed a significant correlation with various items of Hindi-EDDS. CONCLUSION: The Hindi-EDDS is culturally-sensitive tool with acceptable psychometric properties.