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Predicting Word Reading Deficits Using an App-Based Screening Tool at School Entry
BACKGROUND: Reading is a crucial competence associated with academic development, mental health, and social adaptation. Reading difficulties are often detected at a late stage, with a possible negative impact on long-term reading development and secondary developmental disadvantages. The first manif...
Autores principales: | , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Frontiers Media S.A.
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9130720/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35633969 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fped.2022.863477 |
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author | Schöfl, Martin Steinmair, Gabriele Holzinger, Daniel Weber, Christoph |
author_facet | Schöfl, Martin Steinmair, Gabriele Holzinger, Daniel Weber, Christoph |
author_sort | Schöfl, Martin |
collection | PubMed |
description | BACKGROUND: Reading is a crucial competence associated with academic development, mental health, and social adaptation. Reading difficulties are often detected at a late stage, with a possible negative impact on long-term reading development and secondary developmental disadvantages. The first manifestations of reading difficulties can be identified by word reading deficits in first and second grade, paving the way for specific interventions. For widespread implementation, instruments must be easy to use and motivating for children. OBJECTIVES: Development and validation of an economical, well-accepted, and accurate screening tool composed of the domains of phonological information processing, language skills, and non-verbal intelligence in regular school settings. DESIGN: In 2020, the screening tool was used on a sample of 409 first graders between the second and fifth weeks of school in a one-to-one setting. Additionally, information on parental education and the use of German and/or other languages by the child was collected using a parental questionnaire. A follow-up involving the use of established standardized word reading tests was conducted at the end of the first school year. RESULTS: A five-variable screening tool consisting of the dimensions of phonological information processing (letter knowledge, rapid naming, and phonological awareness) and linguistic skills (receptive vocabulary and morphosyntax) showed statistical relevance (AUC = 0.78; sensitivity 0.80, specificity 0.74) for predicting word reading problems concerning reading speed (<16th percentile) at the end of first grade, whereas gender, first language, and age of first exposure to the German language did not contribute to the prediction. The instrument was well accepted by the children and screeners and can be administered within an acceptable time frame. CONCLUSION: Word reading deficits at the end of first grade can be predicted by the use of an app-based screening tool at school entry that includes phonological information processing and language skills. Further validation and assessment of empirical feasibility data are needed to support the screening instrument for German orthography. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9130720 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-91307202022-05-26 Predicting Word Reading Deficits Using an App-Based Screening Tool at School Entry Schöfl, Martin Steinmair, Gabriele Holzinger, Daniel Weber, Christoph Front Pediatr Pediatrics BACKGROUND: Reading is a crucial competence associated with academic development, mental health, and social adaptation. Reading difficulties are often detected at a late stage, with a possible negative impact on long-term reading development and secondary developmental disadvantages. The first manifestations of reading difficulties can be identified by word reading deficits in first and second grade, paving the way for specific interventions. For widespread implementation, instruments must be easy to use and motivating for children. OBJECTIVES: Development and validation of an economical, well-accepted, and accurate screening tool composed of the domains of phonological information processing, language skills, and non-verbal intelligence in regular school settings. DESIGN: In 2020, the screening tool was used on a sample of 409 first graders between the second and fifth weeks of school in a one-to-one setting. Additionally, information on parental education and the use of German and/or other languages by the child was collected using a parental questionnaire. A follow-up involving the use of established standardized word reading tests was conducted at the end of the first school year. RESULTS: A five-variable screening tool consisting of the dimensions of phonological information processing (letter knowledge, rapid naming, and phonological awareness) and linguistic skills (receptive vocabulary and morphosyntax) showed statistical relevance (AUC = 0.78; sensitivity 0.80, specificity 0.74) for predicting word reading problems concerning reading speed (<16th percentile) at the end of first grade, whereas gender, first language, and age of first exposure to the German language did not contribute to the prediction. The instrument was well accepted by the children and screeners and can be administered within an acceptable time frame. CONCLUSION: Word reading deficits at the end of first grade can be predicted by the use of an app-based screening tool at school entry that includes phonological information processing and language skills. Further validation and assessment of empirical feasibility data are needed to support the screening instrument for German orthography. Frontiers Media S.A. 2022-05-11 /pmc/articles/PMC9130720/ /pubmed/35633969 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fped.2022.863477 Text en Copyright © 2022 Schöfl, Steinmair, Holzinger and Weber. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. |
spellingShingle | Pediatrics Schöfl, Martin Steinmair, Gabriele Holzinger, Daniel Weber, Christoph Predicting Word Reading Deficits Using an App-Based Screening Tool at School Entry |
title | Predicting Word Reading Deficits Using an App-Based Screening Tool at School Entry |
title_full | Predicting Word Reading Deficits Using an App-Based Screening Tool at School Entry |
title_fullStr | Predicting Word Reading Deficits Using an App-Based Screening Tool at School Entry |
title_full_unstemmed | Predicting Word Reading Deficits Using an App-Based Screening Tool at School Entry |
title_short | Predicting Word Reading Deficits Using an App-Based Screening Tool at School Entry |
title_sort | predicting word reading deficits using an app-based screening tool at school entry |
topic | Pediatrics |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9130720/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35633969 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fped.2022.863477 |
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