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Testing Links of Food-Related Olfactory Perception to Peripheral Ghrelin and Leptin Concentrations

The peptide hormones ghrelin and leptin play major roles in the regulation of appetite and food intake. However, the precise effects of these hormones on sensory processing remain a subject of debate, particularly with food related stimuli and its small body of evidence. Here, we test for relationsh...

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Autores principales: Ginieis, Rachel, Abeywickrema, Sashie, Oey, Indrawati, Peng, Mei
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9130723/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35634372
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2022.888608
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author Ginieis, Rachel
Abeywickrema, Sashie
Oey, Indrawati
Peng, Mei
author_facet Ginieis, Rachel
Abeywickrema, Sashie
Oey, Indrawati
Peng, Mei
author_sort Ginieis, Rachel
collection PubMed
description The peptide hormones ghrelin and leptin play major roles in the regulation of appetite and food intake. However, the precise effects of these hormones on sensory processing remain a subject of debate, particularly with food related stimuli and its small body of evidence. Here, we test for relationships between ghrelin and leptin levels against olfactory performance with multiple food-related odours. Specifically, a total of 94 Caucasian males were tested for their supra-threshold sensitivity (i.e., d′), intensity, and valence perception to three odour compounds (i.e., vanilla, potato, and dairy odours). These sensory data were then analysed against peripheral ghrelin and leptin levels, both assessed in plasma samples. Participants’ body adiposity measures were also obtained. Results lent strong support to one of our original hypotheses, with ghrelin levels being positively correlated to the supra-threshold sensitivity of the dairy odour, (r = 0.241, p = 0.020), and intensity ratings to most of the food odours tested [dairy (r = 0.216, p = 0.037) and vanilla (r = 0.241, p = 0.020)]. By contrast, peripheral leptin levels were not significantly linked to any of the olfactory measures (p > 0.05). These relationships remained similar after controlling for variabilities of adiposity measures. The present study brings novel insights by identifying positive links between supra-threshold olfactory perception and ghrelin. This new knowledge is highly relevant for future research linking olfactory shifts to hormonal dysregulation and obesity.
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spelling pubmed-91307232022-05-26 Testing Links of Food-Related Olfactory Perception to Peripheral Ghrelin and Leptin Concentrations Ginieis, Rachel Abeywickrema, Sashie Oey, Indrawati Peng, Mei Front Nutr Nutrition The peptide hormones ghrelin and leptin play major roles in the regulation of appetite and food intake. However, the precise effects of these hormones on sensory processing remain a subject of debate, particularly with food related stimuli and its small body of evidence. Here, we test for relationships between ghrelin and leptin levels against olfactory performance with multiple food-related odours. Specifically, a total of 94 Caucasian males were tested for their supra-threshold sensitivity (i.e., d′), intensity, and valence perception to three odour compounds (i.e., vanilla, potato, and dairy odours). These sensory data were then analysed against peripheral ghrelin and leptin levels, both assessed in plasma samples. Participants’ body adiposity measures were also obtained. Results lent strong support to one of our original hypotheses, with ghrelin levels being positively correlated to the supra-threshold sensitivity of the dairy odour, (r = 0.241, p = 0.020), and intensity ratings to most of the food odours tested [dairy (r = 0.216, p = 0.037) and vanilla (r = 0.241, p = 0.020)]. By contrast, peripheral leptin levels were not significantly linked to any of the olfactory measures (p > 0.05). These relationships remained similar after controlling for variabilities of adiposity measures. The present study brings novel insights by identifying positive links between supra-threshold olfactory perception and ghrelin. This new knowledge is highly relevant for future research linking olfactory shifts to hormonal dysregulation and obesity. Frontiers Media S.A. 2022-05-11 /pmc/articles/PMC9130723/ /pubmed/35634372 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2022.888608 Text en Copyright © 2022 Ginieis, Abeywickrema, Oey and Peng. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Nutrition
Ginieis, Rachel
Abeywickrema, Sashie
Oey, Indrawati
Peng, Mei
Testing Links of Food-Related Olfactory Perception to Peripheral Ghrelin and Leptin Concentrations
title Testing Links of Food-Related Olfactory Perception to Peripheral Ghrelin and Leptin Concentrations
title_full Testing Links of Food-Related Olfactory Perception to Peripheral Ghrelin and Leptin Concentrations
title_fullStr Testing Links of Food-Related Olfactory Perception to Peripheral Ghrelin and Leptin Concentrations
title_full_unstemmed Testing Links of Food-Related Olfactory Perception to Peripheral Ghrelin and Leptin Concentrations
title_short Testing Links of Food-Related Olfactory Perception to Peripheral Ghrelin and Leptin Concentrations
title_sort testing links of food-related olfactory perception to peripheral ghrelin and leptin concentrations
topic Nutrition
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9130723/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35634372
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2022.888608
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