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Solute carrier family 2 members 1 and 2 as prognostic biomarkers in hepatocellular carcinoma associated with immune infiltration

BACKGROUND: Metabolic reprogramming has been identified as a core hallmark of cancer. Solute carrier family 2 is a major glucose carrier family. It consists of 14 members, and we mainly study solute carrier family 2 member 1 (SLC2A1) and solute carrier family 2 member 2 (SLC2A2) here. SLC2A1, mainly...

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Autores principales: Peng, Qing, Hao, Li-Yuan, Guo, Ying-Lin, Zhang, Zhi-Qin, Ji, Jing-Min, Xue, Yu, Liu, Yi-Wei, Lu, Jun-Lan, Li, Cai-Ge, Shi, Xin-Li
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Baishideng Publishing Group Inc 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9131213/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35665115
http://dx.doi.org/10.12998/wjcc.v10.i13.3989
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author Peng, Qing
Hao, Li-Yuan
Guo, Ying-Lin
Zhang, Zhi-Qin
Ji, Jing-Min
Xue, Yu
Liu, Yi-Wei
Lu, Jun-Lan
Li, Cai-Ge
Shi, Xin-Li
author_facet Peng, Qing
Hao, Li-Yuan
Guo, Ying-Lin
Zhang, Zhi-Qin
Ji, Jing-Min
Xue, Yu
Liu, Yi-Wei
Lu, Jun-Lan
Li, Cai-Ge
Shi, Xin-Li
author_sort Peng, Qing
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: Metabolic reprogramming has been identified as a core hallmark of cancer. Solute carrier family 2 is a major glucose carrier family. It consists of 14 members, and we mainly study solute carrier family 2 member 1 (SLC2A1) and solute carrier family 2 member 2 (SLC2A2) here. SLC2A1, mainly existing in human erythrocytes, brain endothelial cells, and normal placenta, was found to be increased in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), while SLC2A2, the major transporter of the normal liver, was decreased in HCC. AIM: To identify if SLC2A1 and SLC2A2 were associated with immune infiltration in addition to participating in the metabolic reprogramming in HCC. METHODS: The expression levels of SLC2A1 and SLC2A2 were tested in HepG2 cells, HepG215 cells, and multiple databases. The clinical characteristics and survival data of SLC2A1 and SLC2A2 were examined by multiple databases. The correlation between SLC2A1 and SLC2A2 was analyzed by multiple databases. The functions and pathways in which SLC2A1, SLC2A2, and frequently altered neighbor genes were involved were discussed in String. Immune infiltration levels and immune marker genes associated with SLC2A1 and SLC2A2 were discussed from multiple databases. RESULTS: The expression level of SLC2A1 was up-regulated, but the expression level of SLC2A2 was down-regulated in HepG2 cells, HepG215 cells, and liver cancer patients. The expression levels of SLC2A1 and SLC2A2 were related to tumor volume, grade, and stage in HCC. Interestingly, the expression levels of SLC2A1 and SLC2A2 were negatively correlated. Further, high SLC2A1 expression and low SLC2A2 expression were linked to poor overall survival and relapse-free survival. SLC2A1, SLC2A2, and frequently altered neighbor genes played a major role in the occurrence and development of tumors. Notably, SLC2A1 was positively correlated with tumor immune infiltration, while SLC2A2 was negatively correlated with tumor immune infiltration. Particularly, SLC2A2 methylation was positively correlated with lymphocytes. CONCLUSION: SLC2A1 and SLC2A2 are independent therapeutic targets for HCC, and they are quintessential marker molecules for predicting and regulating the number and status of immune cells in HCC.
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spelling pubmed-91312132022-06-04 Solute carrier family 2 members 1 and 2 as prognostic biomarkers in hepatocellular carcinoma associated with immune infiltration Peng, Qing Hao, Li-Yuan Guo, Ying-Lin Zhang, Zhi-Qin Ji, Jing-Min Xue, Yu Liu, Yi-Wei Lu, Jun-Lan Li, Cai-Ge Shi, Xin-Li World J Clin Cases Clinical and Translational Research BACKGROUND: Metabolic reprogramming has been identified as a core hallmark of cancer. Solute carrier family 2 is a major glucose carrier family. It consists of 14 members, and we mainly study solute carrier family 2 member 1 (SLC2A1) and solute carrier family 2 member 2 (SLC2A2) here. SLC2A1, mainly existing in human erythrocytes, brain endothelial cells, and normal placenta, was found to be increased in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), while SLC2A2, the major transporter of the normal liver, was decreased in HCC. AIM: To identify if SLC2A1 and SLC2A2 were associated with immune infiltration in addition to participating in the metabolic reprogramming in HCC. METHODS: The expression levels of SLC2A1 and SLC2A2 were tested in HepG2 cells, HepG215 cells, and multiple databases. The clinical characteristics and survival data of SLC2A1 and SLC2A2 were examined by multiple databases. The correlation between SLC2A1 and SLC2A2 was analyzed by multiple databases. The functions and pathways in which SLC2A1, SLC2A2, and frequently altered neighbor genes were involved were discussed in String. Immune infiltration levels and immune marker genes associated with SLC2A1 and SLC2A2 were discussed from multiple databases. RESULTS: The expression level of SLC2A1 was up-regulated, but the expression level of SLC2A2 was down-regulated in HepG2 cells, HepG215 cells, and liver cancer patients. The expression levels of SLC2A1 and SLC2A2 were related to tumor volume, grade, and stage in HCC. Interestingly, the expression levels of SLC2A1 and SLC2A2 were negatively correlated. Further, high SLC2A1 expression and low SLC2A2 expression were linked to poor overall survival and relapse-free survival. SLC2A1, SLC2A2, and frequently altered neighbor genes played a major role in the occurrence and development of tumors. Notably, SLC2A1 was positively correlated with tumor immune infiltration, while SLC2A2 was negatively correlated with tumor immune infiltration. Particularly, SLC2A2 methylation was positively correlated with lymphocytes. CONCLUSION: SLC2A1 and SLC2A2 are independent therapeutic targets for HCC, and they are quintessential marker molecules for predicting and regulating the number and status of immune cells in HCC. Baishideng Publishing Group Inc 2022-05-06 2022-05-06 /pmc/articles/PMC9131213/ /pubmed/35665115 http://dx.doi.org/10.12998/wjcc.v10.i13.3989 Text en ©The Author(s) 2022. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/This article is an open-access article that was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial.
spellingShingle Clinical and Translational Research
Peng, Qing
Hao, Li-Yuan
Guo, Ying-Lin
Zhang, Zhi-Qin
Ji, Jing-Min
Xue, Yu
Liu, Yi-Wei
Lu, Jun-Lan
Li, Cai-Ge
Shi, Xin-Li
Solute carrier family 2 members 1 and 2 as prognostic biomarkers in hepatocellular carcinoma associated with immune infiltration
title Solute carrier family 2 members 1 and 2 as prognostic biomarkers in hepatocellular carcinoma associated with immune infiltration
title_full Solute carrier family 2 members 1 and 2 as prognostic biomarkers in hepatocellular carcinoma associated with immune infiltration
title_fullStr Solute carrier family 2 members 1 and 2 as prognostic biomarkers in hepatocellular carcinoma associated with immune infiltration
title_full_unstemmed Solute carrier family 2 members 1 and 2 as prognostic biomarkers in hepatocellular carcinoma associated with immune infiltration
title_short Solute carrier family 2 members 1 and 2 as prognostic biomarkers in hepatocellular carcinoma associated with immune infiltration
title_sort solute carrier family 2 members 1 and 2 as prognostic biomarkers in hepatocellular carcinoma associated with immune infiltration
topic Clinical and Translational Research
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9131213/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35665115
http://dx.doi.org/10.12998/wjcc.v10.i13.3989
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