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The Neural Representation of a Repeated Standard Stimulus in Dyslexia

The neural representation of a repeated stimulus is the standard against which a deviant stimulus is measured in the brain, giving rise to the well-known mismatch response. It has been suggested that individuals with dyslexia have poor implicit memory for recently repeated stimuli, such as the train...

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Autores principales: Beach, Sara D., Ozernov-Palchik, Ola, May, Sidney C., Centanni, Tracy M., Perrachione, Tyler K., Pantazis, Dimitrios, Gabrieli, John D. E.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9133793/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35634200
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnhum.2022.823627
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author Beach, Sara D.
Ozernov-Palchik, Ola
May, Sidney C.
Centanni, Tracy M.
Perrachione, Tyler K.
Pantazis, Dimitrios
Gabrieli, John D. E.
author_facet Beach, Sara D.
Ozernov-Palchik, Ola
May, Sidney C.
Centanni, Tracy M.
Perrachione, Tyler K.
Pantazis, Dimitrios
Gabrieli, John D. E.
author_sort Beach, Sara D.
collection PubMed
description The neural representation of a repeated stimulus is the standard against which a deviant stimulus is measured in the brain, giving rise to the well-known mismatch response. It has been suggested that individuals with dyslexia have poor implicit memory for recently repeated stimuli, such as the train of standards in an oddball paradigm. Here, we examined how the neural representation of a standard emerges over repetitions, asking whether there is less sensitivity to repetition and/or less accrual of “standardness” over successive repetitions in dyslexia. We recorded magnetoencephalography (MEG) as adults with and without dyslexia were passively exposed to speech syllables in a roving-oddball design. We performed time-resolved multivariate decoding of the MEG sensor data to identify the neural signature of standard vs. deviant trials, independent of stimulus differences. This “multivariate mismatch” was equally robust and had a similar time course in the two groups. In both groups, standards generated by as few as two repetitions were distinct from deviants, indicating normal sensitivity to repetition in dyslexia. However, only in the control group did standards become increasingly different from deviants with repetition. These results suggest that many of the mechanisms that give rise to neural adaptation as well as mismatch responses are intact in dyslexia, with the possible exception of a putatively predictive mechanism that successively integrates recent sensory information into feedforward processing.
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spelling pubmed-91337932022-05-27 The Neural Representation of a Repeated Standard Stimulus in Dyslexia Beach, Sara D. Ozernov-Palchik, Ola May, Sidney C. Centanni, Tracy M. Perrachione, Tyler K. Pantazis, Dimitrios Gabrieli, John D. E. Front Hum Neurosci Neuroscience The neural representation of a repeated stimulus is the standard against which a deviant stimulus is measured in the brain, giving rise to the well-known mismatch response. It has been suggested that individuals with dyslexia have poor implicit memory for recently repeated stimuli, such as the train of standards in an oddball paradigm. Here, we examined how the neural representation of a standard emerges over repetitions, asking whether there is less sensitivity to repetition and/or less accrual of “standardness” over successive repetitions in dyslexia. We recorded magnetoencephalography (MEG) as adults with and without dyslexia were passively exposed to speech syllables in a roving-oddball design. We performed time-resolved multivariate decoding of the MEG sensor data to identify the neural signature of standard vs. deviant trials, independent of stimulus differences. This “multivariate mismatch” was equally robust and had a similar time course in the two groups. In both groups, standards generated by as few as two repetitions were distinct from deviants, indicating normal sensitivity to repetition in dyslexia. However, only in the control group did standards become increasingly different from deviants with repetition. These results suggest that many of the mechanisms that give rise to neural adaptation as well as mismatch responses are intact in dyslexia, with the possible exception of a putatively predictive mechanism that successively integrates recent sensory information into feedforward processing. Frontiers Media S.A. 2022-05-12 /pmc/articles/PMC9133793/ /pubmed/35634200 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnhum.2022.823627 Text en Copyright © 2022 Beach, Ozernov-Palchik, May, Centanni, Perrachione, Pantazis and Gabrieli. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Neuroscience
Beach, Sara D.
Ozernov-Palchik, Ola
May, Sidney C.
Centanni, Tracy M.
Perrachione, Tyler K.
Pantazis, Dimitrios
Gabrieli, John D. E.
The Neural Representation of a Repeated Standard Stimulus in Dyslexia
title The Neural Representation of a Repeated Standard Stimulus in Dyslexia
title_full The Neural Representation of a Repeated Standard Stimulus in Dyslexia
title_fullStr The Neural Representation of a Repeated Standard Stimulus in Dyslexia
title_full_unstemmed The Neural Representation of a Repeated Standard Stimulus in Dyslexia
title_short The Neural Representation of a Repeated Standard Stimulus in Dyslexia
title_sort neural representation of a repeated standard stimulus in dyslexia
topic Neuroscience
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9133793/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35634200
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnhum.2022.823627
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