Stimulation of Erythrocyte Membrane Blebbing by Bifenthrin Induced Oxidative Stress

BACKGROUND: Bifenthrin is an insecticide and anti-estrogenic compound primarily used to control residential pests by depolarizing sodium gated voltage channels in the nervous system. Eryptosis, the suicidal death of erythrocytes, featured by PS exposure, membrane blebbing and cell shrinkage. Anemia is an outcome of uncontrolled eryptosis. RESEARCH DESIGN: In this study, erythrocytes were treated with different concentrations (.5-1-1.5 μM) of bifenthrin over a period of 48 hours. In order to investigate the oxidative stress induced by bifenthrin, catalase, superoxide dismutase, and glutathione peroxidase activities were investigated. RESULTS: Obtained data indicated the decrease in the enzymes (superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, and catalase) activities in bifenthrin treated cells at 1 μM concentration. In addition, measurement of cell size and confirmation of the role of calcium in the stimulation of the eryptotic activity of bifenthrin were performed. A significant increase in mean cell volume was found in the presence of bifenthrin and a decrease in mean cell volume in the presence of calcium channel blocker was observed. Similarly, there was also a significant increase in the percentage of hemolysis indicating the necrotic activity of bifenthrin. CONCLUSIONS: It is concluded that the indicated doses of bifenthrin triggered oxidative stress which may lead to early cell death by eryptosis and hemolysis.