Cargando…
Association of Inappropriate Outpatient Pediatric Antibiotic Prescriptions With Adverse Drug Events and Health Care Expenditures
IMPORTANCE: Nonguideline antibiotic prescribing for the treatment of pediatric infections is common, but the consequences of inappropriate antibiotics are not well described. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the comparative safety and health care expenditures of inappropriate vs appropriate oral antibiotic pr...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , |
---|---|
Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
American Medical Association
2022
|
Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9136626/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35616940 http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.14153 |
_version_ | 1784714224712286208 |
---|---|
author | Butler, Anne M. Brown, Derek S. Durkin, Michael J. Sahrmann, John M. Nickel, Katelin B. O’Neil, Caroline A. Olsen, Margaret A. Hyun, David Y. Zetts, Rachel M. Newland, Jason G. |
author_facet | Butler, Anne M. Brown, Derek S. Durkin, Michael J. Sahrmann, John M. Nickel, Katelin B. O’Neil, Caroline A. Olsen, Margaret A. Hyun, David Y. Zetts, Rachel M. Newland, Jason G. |
author_sort | Butler, Anne M. |
collection | PubMed |
description | IMPORTANCE: Nonguideline antibiotic prescribing for the treatment of pediatric infections is common, but the consequences of inappropriate antibiotics are not well described. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the comparative safety and health care expenditures of inappropriate vs appropriate oral antibiotic prescriptions for common outpatient pediatric infections. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: This cohort study included children aged 6 months to 17 years diagnosed with a bacterial infection (suppurative otitis media [OM], pharyngitis, sinusitis) or viral infection (influenza, viral upper respiratory infection [URI], bronchiolitis, bronchitis, nonsuppurative OM) as an outpatient from April 1, 2016, to September 30, 2018, in the IBM MarketScan Commercial Database. Data were analyzed from August to November 2021. EXPOSURES: Inappropriate (ie, non–guideline-recommended) vs appropriate (ie, guideline-recommended) oral antibiotic agents dispensed from an outpatient pharmacy on the date of infection. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES: Propensity score–weighted Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate hazards ratios (HRs) and 95% CIs for the association between inappropriate antibiotic prescriptions and adverse drug events. Two-part models were used to calculate 30-day all-cause attributable health care expenditures by infection type. National-level annual attributable expenditures were calculated by scaling attributable expenditures in the study cohort to the national employer-sponsored insurance population. RESULTS: The cohort included 2 804 245 eligible children (52% male; median [IQR] age, 8 [4-12] years). Overall, 31% to 36% received inappropriate antibiotics for bacterial infections and 4% to 70% for viral infections. Inappropriate antibiotics were associated with increased risk of several adverse drug events, including Clostridioides difficile infection and severe allergic reaction among children treated with a nonrecommended antibiotic agent for a bacterial infection (among patients with suppurative OM, C. difficile infection: HR, 6.23; 95% CI, 2.24-17.32; allergic reaction: HR, 4.14; 95% CI, 2.48-6.92). Thirty-day attributable health care expenditures were generally higher among children who received inappropriate antibiotics, ranging from $21 to $56 for bacterial infections and from −$96 to $97 for viral infections. National annual attributable expenditure estimates were highest for suppurative OM ($25.3 million), pharyngitis ($21.3 million), and viral URI ($19.1 million). CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: In this cohort study of children with common infections treated in an outpatient setting, inappropriate antibiotic prescriptions were common and associated with increased risks of adverse drug events and higher attributable health care expenditures. These findings highlight the individual- and national-level consequences of inappropriate antibiotic prescribing and further support implementation of outpatient antibiotic stewardship programs. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9136626 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | American Medical Association |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-91366262022-06-10 Association of Inappropriate Outpatient Pediatric Antibiotic Prescriptions With Adverse Drug Events and Health Care Expenditures Butler, Anne M. Brown, Derek S. Durkin, Michael J. Sahrmann, John M. Nickel, Katelin B. O’Neil, Caroline A. Olsen, Margaret A. Hyun, David Y. Zetts, Rachel M. Newland, Jason G. JAMA Netw Open Original Investigation IMPORTANCE: Nonguideline antibiotic prescribing for the treatment of pediatric infections is common, but the consequences of inappropriate antibiotics are not well described. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the comparative safety and health care expenditures of inappropriate vs appropriate oral antibiotic prescriptions for common outpatient pediatric infections. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: This cohort study included children aged 6 months to 17 years diagnosed with a bacterial infection (suppurative otitis media [OM], pharyngitis, sinusitis) or viral infection (influenza, viral upper respiratory infection [URI], bronchiolitis, bronchitis, nonsuppurative OM) as an outpatient from April 1, 2016, to September 30, 2018, in the IBM MarketScan Commercial Database. Data were analyzed from August to November 2021. EXPOSURES: Inappropriate (ie, non–guideline-recommended) vs appropriate (ie, guideline-recommended) oral antibiotic agents dispensed from an outpatient pharmacy on the date of infection. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES: Propensity score–weighted Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate hazards ratios (HRs) and 95% CIs for the association between inappropriate antibiotic prescriptions and adverse drug events. Two-part models were used to calculate 30-day all-cause attributable health care expenditures by infection type. National-level annual attributable expenditures were calculated by scaling attributable expenditures in the study cohort to the national employer-sponsored insurance population. RESULTS: The cohort included 2 804 245 eligible children (52% male; median [IQR] age, 8 [4-12] years). Overall, 31% to 36% received inappropriate antibiotics for bacterial infections and 4% to 70% for viral infections. Inappropriate antibiotics were associated with increased risk of several adverse drug events, including Clostridioides difficile infection and severe allergic reaction among children treated with a nonrecommended antibiotic agent for a bacterial infection (among patients with suppurative OM, C. difficile infection: HR, 6.23; 95% CI, 2.24-17.32; allergic reaction: HR, 4.14; 95% CI, 2.48-6.92). Thirty-day attributable health care expenditures were generally higher among children who received inappropriate antibiotics, ranging from $21 to $56 for bacterial infections and from −$96 to $97 for viral infections. National annual attributable expenditure estimates were highest for suppurative OM ($25.3 million), pharyngitis ($21.3 million), and viral URI ($19.1 million). CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: In this cohort study of children with common infections treated in an outpatient setting, inappropriate antibiotic prescriptions were common and associated with increased risks of adverse drug events and higher attributable health care expenditures. These findings highlight the individual- and national-level consequences of inappropriate antibiotic prescribing and further support implementation of outpatient antibiotic stewardship programs. American Medical Association 2022-05-26 /pmc/articles/PMC9136626/ /pubmed/35616940 http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.14153 Text en Copyright 2022 Butler AM et al. JAMA Network Open. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the CC-BY License. |
spellingShingle | Original Investigation Butler, Anne M. Brown, Derek S. Durkin, Michael J. Sahrmann, John M. Nickel, Katelin B. O’Neil, Caroline A. Olsen, Margaret A. Hyun, David Y. Zetts, Rachel M. Newland, Jason G. Association of Inappropriate Outpatient Pediatric Antibiotic Prescriptions With Adverse Drug Events and Health Care Expenditures |
title | Association of Inappropriate Outpatient Pediatric Antibiotic Prescriptions With Adverse Drug Events and Health Care Expenditures |
title_full | Association of Inappropriate Outpatient Pediatric Antibiotic Prescriptions With Adverse Drug Events and Health Care Expenditures |
title_fullStr | Association of Inappropriate Outpatient Pediatric Antibiotic Prescriptions With Adverse Drug Events and Health Care Expenditures |
title_full_unstemmed | Association of Inappropriate Outpatient Pediatric Antibiotic Prescriptions With Adverse Drug Events and Health Care Expenditures |
title_short | Association of Inappropriate Outpatient Pediatric Antibiotic Prescriptions With Adverse Drug Events and Health Care Expenditures |
title_sort | association of inappropriate outpatient pediatric antibiotic prescriptions with adverse drug events and health care expenditures |
topic | Original Investigation |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9136626/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35616940 http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.14153 |
work_keys_str_mv | AT butlerannem associationofinappropriateoutpatientpediatricantibioticprescriptionswithadversedrugeventsandhealthcareexpenditures AT browndereks associationofinappropriateoutpatientpediatricantibioticprescriptionswithadversedrugeventsandhealthcareexpenditures AT durkinmichaelj associationofinappropriateoutpatientpediatricantibioticprescriptionswithadversedrugeventsandhealthcareexpenditures AT sahrmannjohnm associationofinappropriateoutpatientpediatricantibioticprescriptionswithadversedrugeventsandhealthcareexpenditures AT nickelkatelinb associationofinappropriateoutpatientpediatricantibioticprescriptionswithadversedrugeventsandhealthcareexpenditures AT oneilcarolinea associationofinappropriateoutpatientpediatricantibioticprescriptionswithadversedrugeventsandhealthcareexpenditures AT olsenmargareta associationofinappropriateoutpatientpediatricantibioticprescriptionswithadversedrugeventsandhealthcareexpenditures AT hyundavidy associationofinappropriateoutpatientpediatricantibioticprescriptionswithadversedrugeventsandhealthcareexpenditures AT zettsrachelm associationofinappropriateoutpatientpediatricantibioticprescriptionswithadversedrugeventsandhealthcareexpenditures AT newlandjasong associationofinappropriateoutpatientpediatricantibioticprescriptionswithadversedrugeventsandhealthcareexpenditures |