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Phenotypic Adaptation to Antiseptics and Effects on Biofilm Formation Capacity and Antibiotic Resistance in Clinical Isolates of Early Colonizers in Dental Plaque

Despite the wide-spread use of antiseptics in dental practice and oral care products, there is little public awareness of potential risks associated with antiseptic resistance and potentially concomitant cross-resistance. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate potential phenotypic adapt...

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Autores principales: Auer, David L., Mao, Xiaojun, Anderson, Annette Carola, Muehler, Denise, Wittmer, Annette, von Ohle, Christiane, Wolff, Diana, Frese, Cornelia, Hiller, Karl-Anton, Maisch, Tim, Buchalla, Wolfgang, Hellwig, Elmar, Al-Ahmad, Ali, Cieplik, Fabian
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9137571/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35625332
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics11050688
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author Auer, David L.
Mao, Xiaojun
Anderson, Annette Carola
Muehler, Denise
Wittmer, Annette
von Ohle, Christiane
Wolff, Diana
Frese, Cornelia
Hiller, Karl-Anton
Maisch, Tim
Buchalla, Wolfgang
Hellwig, Elmar
Al-Ahmad, Ali
Cieplik, Fabian
author_facet Auer, David L.
Mao, Xiaojun
Anderson, Annette Carola
Muehler, Denise
Wittmer, Annette
von Ohle, Christiane
Wolff, Diana
Frese, Cornelia
Hiller, Karl-Anton
Maisch, Tim
Buchalla, Wolfgang
Hellwig, Elmar
Al-Ahmad, Ali
Cieplik, Fabian
author_sort Auer, David L.
collection PubMed
description Despite the wide-spread use of antiseptics in dental practice and oral care products, there is little public awareness of potential risks associated with antiseptic resistance and potentially concomitant cross-resistance. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate potential phenotypic adaptation in 177 clinical isolates of early colonizers of dental plaque (Streptococcus, Actinomyces, Rothia and Veillonella spp.) upon repeated exposure to subinhibitory concentrations of chlorhexidine digluconate (CHX) or cetylpyridinium chloride (CPC) over 10 passages using a modified microdilution method. Stability of phenotypic adaptation was re-evaluated after culture in antiseptic-free nutrient broth for 24 or 72 h. Strains showing 8-fold minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC)-increase were further examined regarding their biofilm formation capacity, phenotypic antibiotic resistance and presence of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs). Eight-fold MIC-increases to CHX were detected in four Streptococcus isolates. These strains mostly exhibited significantly increased biofilm formation capacity compared to their respective wild-type strains. Phenotypic antibiotic resistance was detected to tetracycline and erythromycin, consistent with the detected ARGs. In conclusion, this study shows that clinical isolates of early colonizers of dental plaque can phenotypically adapt toward antiseptics such as CHX upon repeated exposure. The underlying mechanisms at genomic and transcriptomic levels need to be investigated in future studies.
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spelling pubmed-91375712022-05-28 Phenotypic Adaptation to Antiseptics and Effects on Biofilm Formation Capacity and Antibiotic Resistance in Clinical Isolates of Early Colonizers in Dental Plaque Auer, David L. Mao, Xiaojun Anderson, Annette Carola Muehler, Denise Wittmer, Annette von Ohle, Christiane Wolff, Diana Frese, Cornelia Hiller, Karl-Anton Maisch, Tim Buchalla, Wolfgang Hellwig, Elmar Al-Ahmad, Ali Cieplik, Fabian Antibiotics (Basel) Article Despite the wide-spread use of antiseptics in dental practice and oral care products, there is little public awareness of potential risks associated with antiseptic resistance and potentially concomitant cross-resistance. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate potential phenotypic adaptation in 177 clinical isolates of early colonizers of dental plaque (Streptococcus, Actinomyces, Rothia and Veillonella spp.) upon repeated exposure to subinhibitory concentrations of chlorhexidine digluconate (CHX) or cetylpyridinium chloride (CPC) over 10 passages using a modified microdilution method. Stability of phenotypic adaptation was re-evaluated after culture in antiseptic-free nutrient broth for 24 or 72 h. Strains showing 8-fold minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC)-increase were further examined regarding their biofilm formation capacity, phenotypic antibiotic resistance and presence of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs). Eight-fold MIC-increases to CHX were detected in four Streptococcus isolates. These strains mostly exhibited significantly increased biofilm formation capacity compared to their respective wild-type strains. Phenotypic antibiotic resistance was detected to tetracycline and erythromycin, consistent with the detected ARGs. In conclusion, this study shows that clinical isolates of early colonizers of dental plaque can phenotypically adapt toward antiseptics such as CHX upon repeated exposure. The underlying mechanisms at genomic and transcriptomic levels need to be investigated in future studies. MDPI 2022-05-19 /pmc/articles/PMC9137571/ /pubmed/35625332 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics11050688 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Auer, David L.
Mao, Xiaojun
Anderson, Annette Carola
Muehler, Denise
Wittmer, Annette
von Ohle, Christiane
Wolff, Diana
Frese, Cornelia
Hiller, Karl-Anton
Maisch, Tim
Buchalla, Wolfgang
Hellwig, Elmar
Al-Ahmad, Ali
Cieplik, Fabian
Phenotypic Adaptation to Antiseptics and Effects on Biofilm Formation Capacity and Antibiotic Resistance in Clinical Isolates of Early Colonizers in Dental Plaque
title Phenotypic Adaptation to Antiseptics and Effects on Biofilm Formation Capacity and Antibiotic Resistance in Clinical Isolates of Early Colonizers in Dental Plaque
title_full Phenotypic Adaptation to Antiseptics and Effects on Biofilm Formation Capacity and Antibiotic Resistance in Clinical Isolates of Early Colonizers in Dental Plaque
title_fullStr Phenotypic Adaptation to Antiseptics and Effects on Biofilm Formation Capacity and Antibiotic Resistance in Clinical Isolates of Early Colonizers in Dental Plaque
title_full_unstemmed Phenotypic Adaptation to Antiseptics and Effects on Biofilm Formation Capacity and Antibiotic Resistance in Clinical Isolates of Early Colonizers in Dental Plaque
title_short Phenotypic Adaptation to Antiseptics and Effects on Biofilm Formation Capacity and Antibiotic Resistance in Clinical Isolates of Early Colonizers in Dental Plaque
title_sort phenotypic adaptation to antiseptics and effects on biofilm formation capacity and antibiotic resistance in clinical isolates of early colonizers in dental plaque
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9137571/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35625332
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics11050688
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