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Does Olfactory Dysfunction Correlate with Disease Progression in Parkinson’s Disease? A Systematic Review of the Current Literature

Background. Loss of olfaction is a well-established early feature of Parkinson’s disease (PD). Although olfactory dysfunction has been widely described as a prodromal feature of PD in the literature, whether it can be considered a biomarker of PD progression is still a matter of debate. Objective. T...

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Autores principales: Ercoli, Tommaso, Masala, Carla, Cadeddu, Gianluca, Mascia, Marcello Mario, Orofino, Gianni, Gigante, Angelo Fabio, Solla, Paolo, Defazio, Giovanni, Rocchi, Lorenzo
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9139278/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35624900
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/brainsci12050513
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author Ercoli, Tommaso
Masala, Carla
Cadeddu, Gianluca
Mascia, Marcello Mario
Orofino, Gianni
Gigante, Angelo Fabio
Solla, Paolo
Defazio, Giovanni
Rocchi, Lorenzo
author_facet Ercoli, Tommaso
Masala, Carla
Cadeddu, Gianluca
Mascia, Marcello Mario
Orofino, Gianni
Gigante, Angelo Fabio
Solla, Paolo
Defazio, Giovanni
Rocchi, Lorenzo
author_sort Ercoli, Tommaso
collection PubMed
description Background. Loss of olfaction is a well-established early feature of Parkinson’s disease (PD). Although olfactory dysfunction has been widely described as a prodromal feature of PD in the literature, whether it can be considered a biomarker of PD progression is still a matter of debate. Objective. The aim of this work is to define the possible relationship between the progression of olfactory dysfunction and other putative clinical hallmarks of PD over time, through a systematic review of the current literature. Methods. We conducted a systematic review of the literature on PubMed from inception to March 2022. We included only longitudinal studies conducted on patients with diagnosis of idiopathic PD who underwent olfactory function testing at baseline and repeated it at least once during follow-up. Results. Among 5740 records identified through database searching, nine longitudinal studies met full criteria and underwent data extraction. Conclusions. Olfaction seemed to decrease over time, albeit with a degree of fluctuation. Moreover, smell detection ability seems to deteriorate more rapidly in the early phase of disease, indicating a possible association with disease progression. More studies are needed to better understand the role of olfaction as a biomarker of PD progression over time.
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spelling pubmed-91392782022-05-28 Does Olfactory Dysfunction Correlate with Disease Progression in Parkinson’s Disease? A Systematic Review of the Current Literature Ercoli, Tommaso Masala, Carla Cadeddu, Gianluca Mascia, Marcello Mario Orofino, Gianni Gigante, Angelo Fabio Solla, Paolo Defazio, Giovanni Rocchi, Lorenzo Brain Sci Review Background. Loss of olfaction is a well-established early feature of Parkinson’s disease (PD). Although olfactory dysfunction has been widely described as a prodromal feature of PD in the literature, whether it can be considered a biomarker of PD progression is still a matter of debate. Objective. The aim of this work is to define the possible relationship between the progression of olfactory dysfunction and other putative clinical hallmarks of PD over time, through a systematic review of the current literature. Methods. We conducted a systematic review of the literature on PubMed from inception to March 2022. We included only longitudinal studies conducted on patients with diagnosis of idiopathic PD who underwent olfactory function testing at baseline and repeated it at least once during follow-up. Results. Among 5740 records identified through database searching, nine longitudinal studies met full criteria and underwent data extraction. Conclusions. Olfaction seemed to decrease over time, albeit with a degree of fluctuation. Moreover, smell detection ability seems to deteriorate more rapidly in the early phase of disease, indicating a possible association with disease progression. More studies are needed to better understand the role of olfaction as a biomarker of PD progression over time. MDPI 2022-04-19 /pmc/articles/PMC9139278/ /pubmed/35624900 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/brainsci12050513 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Ercoli, Tommaso
Masala, Carla
Cadeddu, Gianluca
Mascia, Marcello Mario
Orofino, Gianni
Gigante, Angelo Fabio
Solla, Paolo
Defazio, Giovanni
Rocchi, Lorenzo
Does Olfactory Dysfunction Correlate with Disease Progression in Parkinson’s Disease? A Systematic Review of the Current Literature
title Does Olfactory Dysfunction Correlate with Disease Progression in Parkinson’s Disease? A Systematic Review of the Current Literature
title_full Does Olfactory Dysfunction Correlate with Disease Progression in Parkinson’s Disease? A Systematic Review of the Current Literature
title_fullStr Does Olfactory Dysfunction Correlate with Disease Progression in Parkinson’s Disease? A Systematic Review of the Current Literature
title_full_unstemmed Does Olfactory Dysfunction Correlate with Disease Progression in Parkinson’s Disease? A Systematic Review of the Current Literature
title_short Does Olfactory Dysfunction Correlate with Disease Progression in Parkinson’s Disease? A Systematic Review of the Current Literature
title_sort does olfactory dysfunction correlate with disease progression in parkinson’s disease? a systematic review of the current literature
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9139278/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35624900
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/brainsci12050513
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