Cargando…

Clinical Evaluation of Nasopharyngeal, Oropharyngeal, Nasal Swabs, and Saliva for the Detection of SARS-CoV-2 by Direct RT-PCR

Nasopharyngeal swab (NPS) and oropharyngeal swab (OPS) are the most widely used upper respiratory tract specimens for diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 using RT-qPCR. In contrast, nasal swab (NS) and saliva (SS), recently recommended by the WHO, are rarely used, and their test accuracy is limited. The method...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Kiryanov, Sergei A., Levina, Tatiana A., Kadochnikova, Vladislava V., Konopleva, Maria V., Suslov, Anatoly P., Trofimov, Dmitry Yu.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9140003/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35626247
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics12051091
_version_ 1784714992827760640
author Kiryanov, Sergei A.
Levina, Tatiana A.
Kadochnikova, Vladislava V.
Konopleva, Maria V.
Suslov, Anatoly P.
Trofimov, Dmitry Yu.
author_facet Kiryanov, Sergei A.
Levina, Tatiana A.
Kadochnikova, Vladislava V.
Konopleva, Maria V.
Suslov, Anatoly P.
Trofimov, Dmitry Yu.
author_sort Kiryanov, Sergei A.
collection PubMed
description Nasopharyngeal swab (NPS) and oropharyngeal swab (OPS) are the most widely used upper respiratory tract specimens for diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 using RT-qPCR. In contrast, nasal swab (NS) and saliva (SS), recently recommended by the WHO, are rarely used, and their test accuracy is limited. The method for direct RT-PCR detection of SARS-CoV-2 does not require an RNA extraction and is faster and easier than standard RT-PCR tests with RNA extraction. This study aimed to compare the diagnostic performance of upper respiratory tract samples for SARS-CoV-2 detection using the direct RT-PCR without preliminary heat inactivation. Here we report the application and validation of direct RT-PCR SARS-CoV-2 RNA on 165 clinical specimens of NPS/OP, and 36 samples of NS/NPS and 37 saliva samples (for the latter with prior deproteinization). The overall sensitivity estimates were 95.9%, 94.2%, 88.9%, and 94.6% for NPS/OPS/NS/SS samples, respectively, and the specificity was 100% against standard RT-PCR with RNA extraction. Overall, NS and SS testing by direct RT-PCR had sufficient sensitivity to detect SARS-CoV-2. They can be acceptable alternative to NPS/OPS for rapid detection of SARS-CoV-2 infections in future.
format Online
Article
Text
id pubmed-9140003
institution National Center for Biotechnology Information
language English
publishDate 2022
publisher MDPI
record_format MEDLINE/PubMed
spelling pubmed-91400032022-05-28 Clinical Evaluation of Nasopharyngeal, Oropharyngeal, Nasal Swabs, and Saliva for the Detection of SARS-CoV-2 by Direct RT-PCR Kiryanov, Sergei A. Levina, Tatiana A. Kadochnikova, Vladislava V. Konopleva, Maria V. Suslov, Anatoly P. Trofimov, Dmitry Yu. Diagnostics (Basel) Article Nasopharyngeal swab (NPS) and oropharyngeal swab (OPS) are the most widely used upper respiratory tract specimens for diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 using RT-qPCR. In contrast, nasal swab (NS) and saliva (SS), recently recommended by the WHO, are rarely used, and their test accuracy is limited. The method for direct RT-PCR detection of SARS-CoV-2 does not require an RNA extraction and is faster and easier than standard RT-PCR tests with RNA extraction. This study aimed to compare the diagnostic performance of upper respiratory tract samples for SARS-CoV-2 detection using the direct RT-PCR without preliminary heat inactivation. Here we report the application and validation of direct RT-PCR SARS-CoV-2 RNA on 165 clinical specimens of NPS/OP, and 36 samples of NS/NPS and 37 saliva samples (for the latter with prior deproteinization). The overall sensitivity estimates were 95.9%, 94.2%, 88.9%, and 94.6% for NPS/OPS/NS/SS samples, respectively, and the specificity was 100% against standard RT-PCR with RNA extraction. Overall, NS and SS testing by direct RT-PCR had sufficient sensitivity to detect SARS-CoV-2. They can be acceptable alternative to NPS/OPS for rapid detection of SARS-CoV-2 infections in future. MDPI 2022-04-27 /pmc/articles/PMC9140003/ /pubmed/35626247 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics12051091 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Kiryanov, Sergei A.
Levina, Tatiana A.
Kadochnikova, Vladislava V.
Konopleva, Maria V.
Suslov, Anatoly P.
Trofimov, Dmitry Yu.
Clinical Evaluation of Nasopharyngeal, Oropharyngeal, Nasal Swabs, and Saliva for the Detection of SARS-CoV-2 by Direct RT-PCR
title Clinical Evaluation of Nasopharyngeal, Oropharyngeal, Nasal Swabs, and Saliva for the Detection of SARS-CoV-2 by Direct RT-PCR
title_full Clinical Evaluation of Nasopharyngeal, Oropharyngeal, Nasal Swabs, and Saliva for the Detection of SARS-CoV-2 by Direct RT-PCR
title_fullStr Clinical Evaluation of Nasopharyngeal, Oropharyngeal, Nasal Swabs, and Saliva for the Detection of SARS-CoV-2 by Direct RT-PCR
title_full_unstemmed Clinical Evaluation of Nasopharyngeal, Oropharyngeal, Nasal Swabs, and Saliva for the Detection of SARS-CoV-2 by Direct RT-PCR
title_short Clinical Evaluation of Nasopharyngeal, Oropharyngeal, Nasal Swabs, and Saliva for the Detection of SARS-CoV-2 by Direct RT-PCR
title_sort clinical evaluation of nasopharyngeal, oropharyngeal, nasal swabs, and saliva for the detection of sars-cov-2 by direct rt-pcr
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9140003/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35626247
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics12051091
work_keys_str_mv AT kiryanovsergeia clinicalevaluationofnasopharyngealoropharyngealnasalswabsandsalivaforthedetectionofsarscov2bydirectrtpcr
AT levinatatianaa clinicalevaluationofnasopharyngealoropharyngealnasalswabsandsalivaforthedetectionofsarscov2bydirectrtpcr
AT kadochnikovavladislavav clinicalevaluationofnasopharyngealoropharyngealnasalswabsandsalivaforthedetectionofsarscov2bydirectrtpcr
AT konoplevamariav clinicalevaluationofnasopharyngealoropharyngealnasalswabsandsalivaforthedetectionofsarscov2bydirectrtpcr
AT suslovanatolyp clinicalevaluationofnasopharyngealoropharyngealnasalswabsandsalivaforthedetectionofsarscov2bydirectrtpcr
AT trofimovdmitryyu clinicalevaluationofnasopharyngealoropharyngealnasalswabsandsalivaforthedetectionofsarscov2bydirectrtpcr