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Mitochondrial Pseudogenes Suggest Repeated Inter-Species Hybridization among Direct Human Ancestors
The hypothesis that the evolution of humans involves hybridization between diverged species has been actively debated in recent years. We present the following novel evidence in support of this hypothesis: the analysis of nuclear pseudogenes of mtDNA (“NUMTs”). NUMTs are considered “mtDNA fossils” a...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9140377/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35627195 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes13050810 |
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author | Popadin, Konstantin Gunbin, Konstantin Peshkin, Leonid Annis, Sofia Fleischmann, Zoe Franco, Melissa Kraytsberg, Yevgenya Markuzon, Natalya Ackermann, Rebecca R. Khrapko, Konstantin |
author_facet | Popadin, Konstantin Gunbin, Konstantin Peshkin, Leonid Annis, Sofia Fleischmann, Zoe Franco, Melissa Kraytsberg, Yevgenya Markuzon, Natalya Ackermann, Rebecca R. Khrapko, Konstantin |
author_sort | Popadin, Konstantin |
collection | PubMed |
description | The hypothesis that the evolution of humans involves hybridization between diverged species has been actively debated in recent years. We present the following novel evidence in support of this hypothesis: the analysis of nuclear pseudogenes of mtDNA (“NUMTs”). NUMTs are considered “mtDNA fossils” as they preserve sequences of ancient mtDNA and thus carry unique information about ancestral populations. Our comparison of a NUMT sequence shared by humans, chimpanzees, and gorillas with their mtDNAs implies that, around the time of divergence between humans and chimpanzees, our evolutionary history involved the interbreeding of individuals whose mtDNA had diverged as much as ~4.5 Myr prior. This large divergence suggests a distant interspecies hybridization. Additionally, analysis of two other NUMTs suggests that such events occur repeatedly. Our findings suggest a complex pattern of speciation in primate/human ancestors and provide one potential explanation for the mosaic nature of fossil morphology found at the emergence of the hominin lineage. A preliminary version of this manuscript was uploaded to the preprint server BioRxiv in 2017 (10.1101/134502). |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9140377 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-91403772022-05-28 Mitochondrial Pseudogenes Suggest Repeated Inter-Species Hybridization among Direct Human Ancestors Popadin, Konstantin Gunbin, Konstantin Peshkin, Leonid Annis, Sofia Fleischmann, Zoe Franco, Melissa Kraytsberg, Yevgenya Markuzon, Natalya Ackermann, Rebecca R. Khrapko, Konstantin Genes (Basel) Article The hypothesis that the evolution of humans involves hybridization between diverged species has been actively debated in recent years. We present the following novel evidence in support of this hypothesis: the analysis of nuclear pseudogenes of mtDNA (“NUMTs”). NUMTs are considered “mtDNA fossils” as they preserve sequences of ancient mtDNA and thus carry unique information about ancestral populations. Our comparison of a NUMT sequence shared by humans, chimpanzees, and gorillas with their mtDNAs implies that, around the time of divergence between humans and chimpanzees, our evolutionary history involved the interbreeding of individuals whose mtDNA had diverged as much as ~4.5 Myr prior. This large divergence suggests a distant interspecies hybridization. Additionally, analysis of two other NUMTs suggests that such events occur repeatedly. Our findings suggest a complex pattern of speciation in primate/human ancestors and provide one potential explanation for the mosaic nature of fossil morphology found at the emergence of the hominin lineage. A preliminary version of this manuscript was uploaded to the preprint server BioRxiv in 2017 (10.1101/134502). MDPI 2022-05-01 /pmc/articles/PMC9140377/ /pubmed/35627195 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes13050810 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Popadin, Konstantin Gunbin, Konstantin Peshkin, Leonid Annis, Sofia Fleischmann, Zoe Franco, Melissa Kraytsberg, Yevgenya Markuzon, Natalya Ackermann, Rebecca R. Khrapko, Konstantin Mitochondrial Pseudogenes Suggest Repeated Inter-Species Hybridization among Direct Human Ancestors |
title | Mitochondrial Pseudogenes Suggest Repeated Inter-Species Hybridization among Direct Human Ancestors |
title_full | Mitochondrial Pseudogenes Suggest Repeated Inter-Species Hybridization among Direct Human Ancestors |
title_fullStr | Mitochondrial Pseudogenes Suggest Repeated Inter-Species Hybridization among Direct Human Ancestors |
title_full_unstemmed | Mitochondrial Pseudogenes Suggest Repeated Inter-Species Hybridization among Direct Human Ancestors |
title_short | Mitochondrial Pseudogenes Suggest Repeated Inter-Species Hybridization among Direct Human Ancestors |
title_sort | mitochondrial pseudogenes suggest repeated inter-species hybridization among direct human ancestors |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9140377/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35627195 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes13050810 |
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