Cargando…
The Role of miRNAs in Dexmedetomidine’s Neuroprotective Effects against Brain Disorders
There are limited neuroprotective strategies for various central nervous system conditions in which fast and sustained management is essential. Neuroprotection-based therapeutics have become an intensively researched topic in the neuroscience field, with multiple novel promising agents, from natural...
Autores principales: | , , , , , |
---|---|
Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2022
|
Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9141783/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35628263 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms23105452 |
_version_ | 1784715427401695232 |
---|---|
author | Burlacu, Codrin-Constantin Neag, Maria-Adriana Mitre, Andrei-Otto Sirbu, Alexandru-Constantin Badulescu, Andrei-Vlad Buzoianu, Anca-Dana |
author_facet | Burlacu, Codrin-Constantin Neag, Maria-Adriana Mitre, Andrei-Otto Sirbu, Alexandru-Constantin Badulescu, Andrei-Vlad Buzoianu, Anca-Dana |
author_sort | Burlacu, Codrin-Constantin |
collection | PubMed |
description | There are limited neuroprotective strategies for various central nervous system conditions in which fast and sustained management is essential. Neuroprotection-based therapeutics have become an intensively researched topic in the neuroscience field, with multiple novel promising agents, from natural products to mesenchymal stem cells, homing peptides, and nanoparticles-mediated agents, all aiming to significantly provide neuroprotection in experimental and clinical studies. Dexmedetomidine (DEX), an α2 agonist commonly used as an anesthetic adjuvant for sedation and as an opioid-sparing medication, stands out in this context due to its well-established neuroprotective effects. Emerging evidence from preclinical and clinical studies suggested that DEX could be used to protect against cerebral ischemia, traumatic brain injury (TBI), spinal cord injury, neurodegenerative diseases, and postoperative cognitive disorders. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) regulate gene expression at a post-transcriptional level, inhibiting the translation of mRNA into functional proteins. In vivo and in vitro studies deciphered brain-related miRNAs and dysregulated miRNA profiles after several brain disorders, including TBI, ischemic stroke, Alzheimer’s disease, and multiple sclerosis, providing emerging new perspectives in neuroprotective therapy by modulating these miRNAs. Experimental studies revealed that some of the neuroprotective effects of DEX are mediated by various miRNAs, counteracting multiple mechanisms in several disease models, such as lipopolysaccharides induced neuroinflammation, β-amyloid induced dysfunction, brain ischemic-reperfusion injury, and anesthesia-induced neurotoxicity models. This review aims to outline the neuroprotective mechanisms of DEX in brain disorders by modulating miRNAs. We address the neuroprotective effects of DEX by targeting miRNAs in modulating ischemic brain injury, ameliorating the neurotoxicity of anesthetics, reducing postoperative cognitive dysfunction, and improving the effects of neurodegenerative diseases. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9141783 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-91417832022-05-28 The Role of miRNAs in Dexmedetomidine’s Neuroprotective Effects against Brain Disorders Burlacu, Codrin-Constantin Neag, Maria-Adriana Mitre, Andrei-Otto Sirbu, Alexandru-Constantin Badulescu, Andrei-Vlad Buzoianu, Anca-Dana Int J Mol Sci Review There are limited neuroprotective strategies for various central nervous system conditions in which fast and sustained management is essential. Neuroprotection-based therapeutics have become an intensively researched topic in the neuroscience field, with multiple novel promising agents, from natural products to mesenchymal stem cells, homing peptides, and nanoparticles-mediated agents, all aiming to significantly provide neuroprotection in experimental and clinical studies. Dexmedetomidine (DEX), an α2 agonist commonly used as an anesthetic adjuvant for sedation and as an opioid-sparing medication, stands out in this context due to its well-established neuroprotective effects. Emerging evidence from preclinical and clinical studies suggested that DEX could be used to protect against cerebral ischemia, traumatic brain injury (TBI), spinal cord injury, neurodegenerative diseases, and postoperative cognitive disorders. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) regulate gene expression at a post-transcriptional level, inhibiting the translation of mRNA into functional proteins. In vivo and in vitro studies deciphered brain-related miRNAs and dysregulated miRNA profiles after several brain disorders, including TBI, ischemic stroke, Alzheimer’s disease, and multiple sclerosis, providing emerging new perspectives in neuroprotective therapy by modulating these miRNAs. Experimental studies revealed that some of the neuroprotective effects of DEX are mediated by various miRNAs, counteracting multiple mechanisms in several disease models, such as lipopolysaccharides induced neuroinflammation, β-amyloid induced dysfunction, brain ischemic-reperfusion injury, and anesthesia-induced neurotoxicity models. This review aims to outline the neuroprotective mechanisms of DEX in brain disorders by modulating miRNAs. We address the neuroprotective effects of DEX by targeting miRNAs in modulating ischemic brain injury, ameliorating the neurotoxicity of anesthetics, reducing postoperative cognitive dysfunction, and improving the effects of neurodegenerative diseases. MDPI 2022-05-13 /pmc/articles/PMC9141783/ /pubmed/35628263 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms23105452 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Review Burlacu, Codrin-Constantin Neag, Maria-Adriana Mitre, Andrei-Otto Sirbu, Alexandru-Constantin Badulescu, Andrei-Vlad Buzoianu, Anca-Dana The Role of miRNAs in Dexmedetomidine’s Neuroprotective Effects against Brain Disorders |
title | The Role of miRNAs in Dexmedetomidine’s Neuroprotective Effects against Brain Disorders |
title_full | The Role of miRNAs in Dexmedetomidine’s Neuroprotective Effects against Brain Disorders |
title_fullStr | The Role of miRNAs in Dexmedetomidine’s Neuroprotective Effects against Brain Disorders |
title_full_unstemmed | The Role of miRNAs in Dexmedetomidine’s Neuroprotective Effects against Brain Disorders |
title_short | The Role of miRNAs in Dexmedetomidine’s Neuroprotective Effects against Brain Disorders |
title_sort | role of mirnas in dexmedetomidine’s neuroprotective effects against brain disorders |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9141783/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35628263 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms23105452 |
work_keys_str_mv | AT burlacucodrinconstantin theroleofmirnasindexmedetomidinesneuroprotectiveeffectsagainstbraindisorders AT neagmariaadriana theroleofmirnasindexmedetomidinesneuroprotectiveeffectsagainstbraindisorders AT mitreandreiotto theroleofmirnasindexmedetomidinesneuroprotectiveeffectsagainstbraindisorders AT sirbualexandruconstantin theroleofmirnasindexmedetomidinesneuroprotectiveeffectsagainstbraindisorders AT badulescuandreivlad theroleofmirnasindexmedetomidinesneuroprotectiveeffectsagainstbraindisorders AT buzoianuancadana theroleofmirnasindexmedetomidinesneuroprotectiveeffectsagainstbraindisorders AT burlacucodrinconstantin roleofmirnasindexmedetomidinesneuroprotectiveeffectsagainstbraindisorders AT neagmariaadriana roleofmirnasindexmedetomidinesneuroprotectiveeffectsagainstbraindisorders AT mitreandreiotto roleofmirnasindexmedetomidinesneuroprotectiveeffectsagainstbraindisorders AT sirbualexandruconstantin roleofmirnasindexmedetomidinesneuroprotectiveeffectsagainstbraindisorders AT badulescuandreivlad roleofmirnasindexmedetomidinesneuroprotectiveeffectsagainstbraindisorders AT buzoianuancadana roleofmirnasindexmedetomidinesneuroprotectiveeffectsagainstbraindisorders |