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The Role of miRNAs in Dexmedetomidine’s Neuroprotective Effects against Brain Disorders

There are limited neuroprotective strategies for various central nervous system conditions in which fast and sustained management is essential. Neuroprotection-based therapeutics have become an intensively researched topic in the neuroscience field, with multiple novel promising agents, from natural...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Burlacu, Codrin-Constantin, Neag, Maria-Adriana, Mitre, Andrei-Otto, Sirbu, Alexandru-Constantin, Badulescu, Andrei-Vlad, Buzoianu, Anca-Dana
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9141783/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35628263
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms23105452
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author Burlacu, Codrin-Constantin
Neag, Maria-Adriana
Mitre, Andrei-Otto
Sirbu, Alexandru-Constantin
Badulescu, Andrei-Vlad
Buzoianu, Anca-Dana
author_facet Burlacu, Codrin-Constantin
Neag, Maria-Adriana
Mitre, Andrei-Otto
Sirbu, Alexandru-Constantin
Badulescu, Andrei-Vlad
Buzoianu, Anca-Dana
author_sort Burlacu, Codrin-Constantin
collection PubMed
description There are limited neuroprotective strategies for various central nervous system conditions in which fast and sustained management is essential. Neuroprotection-based therapeutics have become an intensively researched topic in the neuroscience field, with multiple novel promising agents, from natural products to mesenchymal stem cells, homing peptides, and nanoparticles-mediated agents, all aiming to significantly provide neuroprotection in experimental and clinical studies. Dexmedetomidine (DEX), an α2 agonist commonly used as an anesthetic adjuvant for sedation and as an opioid-sparing medication, stands out in this context due to its well-established neuroprotective effects. Emerging evidence from preclinical and clinical studies suggested that DEX could be used to protect against cerebral ischemia, traumatic brain injury (TBI), spinal cord injury, neurodegenerative diseases, and postoperative cognitive disorders. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) regulate gene expression at a post-transcriptional level, inhibiting the translation of mRNA into functional proteins. In vivo and in vitro studies deciphered brain-related miRNAs and dysregulated miRNA profiles after several brain disorders, including TBI, ischemic stroke, Alzheimer’s disease, and multiple sclerosis, providing emerging new perspectives in neuroprotective therapy by modulating these miRNAs. Experimental studies revealed that some of the neuroprotective effects of DEX are mediated by various miRNAs, counteracting multiple mechanisms in several disease models, such as lipopolysaccharides induced neuroinflammation, β-amyloid induced dysfunction, brain ischemic-reperfusion injury, and anesthesia-induced neurotoxicity models. This review aims to outline the neuroprotective mechanisms of DEX in brain disorders by modulating miRNAs. We address the neuroprotective effects of DEX by targeting miRNAs in modulating ischemic brain injury, ameliorating the neurotoxicity of anesthetics, reducing postoperative cognitive dysfunction, and improving the effects of neurodegenerative diseases.
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spelling pubmed-91417832022-05-28 The Role of miRNAs in Dexmedetomidine’s Neuroprotective Effects against Brain Disorders Burlacu, Codrin-Constantin Neag, Maria-Adriana Mitre, Andrei-Otto Sirbu, Alexandru-Constantin Badulescu, Andrei-Vlad Buzoianu, Anca-Dana Int J Mol Sci Review There are limited neuroprotective strategies for various central nervous system conditions in which fast and sustained management is essential. Neuroprotection-based therapeutics have become an intensively researched topic in the neuroscience field, with multiple novel promising agents, from natural products to mesenchymal stem cells, homing peptides, and nanoparticles-mediated agents, all aiming to significantly provide neuroprotection in experimental and clinical studies. Dexmedetomidine (DEX), an α2 agonist commonly used as an anesthetic adjuvant for sedation and as an opioid-sparing medication, stands out in this context due to its well-established neuroprotective effects. Emerging evidence from preclinical and clinical studies suggested that DEX could be used to protect against cerebral ischemia, traumatic brain injury (TBI), spinal cord injury, neurodegenerative diseases, and postoperative cognitive disorders. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) regulate gene expression at a post-transcriptional level, inhibiting the translation of mRNA into functional proteins. In vivo and in vitro studies deciphered brain-related miRNAs and dysregulated miRNA profiles after several brain disorders, including TBI, ischemic stroke, Alzheimer’s disease, and multiple sclerosis, providing emerging new perspectives in neuroprotective therapy by modulating these miRNAs. Experimental studies revealed that some of the neuroprotective effects of DEX are mediated by various miRNAs, counteracting multiple mechanisms in several disease models, such as lipopolysaccharides induced neuroinflammation, β-amyloid induced dysfunction, brain ischemic-reperfusion injury, and anesthesia-induced neurotoxicity models. This review aims to outline the neuroprotective mechanisms of DEX in brain disorders by modulating miRNAs. We address the neuroprotective effects of DEX by targeting miRNAs in modulating ischemic brain injury, ameliorating the neurotoxicity of anesthetics, reducing postoperative cognitive dysfunction, and improving the effects of neurodegenerative diseases. MDPI 2022-05-13 /pmc/articles/PMC9141783/ /pubmed/35628263 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms23105452 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Burlacu, Codrin-Constantin
Neag, Maria-Adriana
Mitre, Andrei-Otto
Sirbu, Alexandru-Constantin
Badulescu, Andrei-Vlad
Buzoianu, Anca-Dana
The Role of miRNAs in Dexmedetomidine’s Neuroprotective Effects against Brain Disorders
title The Role of miRNAs in Dexmedetomidine’s Neuroprotective Effects against Brain Disorders
title_full The Role of miRNAs in Dexmedetomidine’s Neuroprotective Effects against Brain Disorders
title_fullStr The Role of miRNAs in Dexmedetomidine’s Neuroprotective Effects against Brain Disorders
title_full_unstemmed The Role of miRNAs in Dexmedetomidine’s Neuroprotective Effects against Brain Disorders
title_short The Role of miRNAs in Dexmedetomidine’s Neuroprotective Effects against Brain Disorders
title_sort role of mirnas in dexmedetomidine’s neuroprotective effects against brain disorders
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9141783/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35628263
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms23105452
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