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Zebrafish: A New Promise to Study the Impact of Metabolic Disorders on the Brain
Zebrafish has become a popular model to study many physiological and pathophysiological processes in humans. In recent years, it has rapidly emerged in the study of metabolic disorders, namely, obesity and diabetes, as the regulatory mechanisms and metabolic pathways of glucose and lipid homeostasis...
Autores principales: | , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9141892/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35628176 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms23105372 |
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author | Ghaddar, Batoul Diotel, Nicolas |
author_facet | Ghaddar, Batoul Diotel, Nicolas |
author_sort | Ghaddar, Batoul |
collection | PubMed |
description | Zebrafish has become a popular model to study many physiological and pathophysiological processes in humans. In recent years, it has rapidly emerged in the study of metabolic disorders, namely, obesity and diabetes, as the regulatory mechanisms and metabolic pathways of glucose and lipid homeostasis are highly conserved between fish and mammals. Zebrafish is also widely used in the field of neurosciences to study brain plasticity and regenerative mechanisms due to the high maintenance and activity of neural stem cells during adulthood. Recently, a large body of evidence has established that metabolic disorders can alter brain homeostasis, leading to neuro-inflammation and oxidative stress and causing decreased neurogenesis. To date, these pathological metabolic conditions are also risk factors for the development of cognitive dysfunctions and neurodegenerative diseases. In this review, we first aim to describe the main metabolic models established in zebrafish to demonstrate their similarities with their respective mammalian/human counterparts. Then, in the second part, we report the impact of metabolic disorders (obesity and diabetes) on brain homeostasis with a particular focus on the blood–brain barrier, neuro-inflammation, oxidative stress, cognitive functions and brain plasticity. Finally, we propose interesting signaling pathways and regulatory mechanisms to be explored in order to better understand how metabolic disorders can negatively impact neural stem cell activity. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9141892 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-91418922022-05-28 Zebrafish: A New Promise to Study the Impact of Metabolic Disorders on the Brain Ghaddar, Batoul Diotel, Nicolas Int J Mol Sci Review Zebrafish has become a popular model to study many physiological and pathophysiological processes in humans. In recent years, it has rapidly emerged in the study of metabolic disorders, namely, obesity and diabetes, as the regulatory mechanisms and metabolic pathways of glucose and lipid homeostasis are highly conserved between fish and mammals. Zebrafish is also widely used in the field of neurosciences to study brain plasticity and regenerative mechanisms due to the high maintenance and activity of neural stem cells during adulthood. Recently, a large body of evidence has established that metabolic disorders can alter brain homeostasis, leading to neuro-inflammation and oxidative stress and causing decreased neurogenesis. To date, these pathological metabolic conditions are also risk factors for the development of cognitive dysfunctions and neurodegenerative diseases. In this review, we first aim to describe the main metabolic models established in zebrafish to demonstrate their similarities with their respective mammalian/human counterparts. Then, in the second part, we report the impact of metabolic disorders (obesity and diabetes) on brain homeostasis with a particular focus on the blood–brain barrier, neuro-inflammation, oxidative stress, cognitive functions and brain plasticity. Finally, we propose interesting signaling pathways and regulatory mechanisms to be explored in order to better understand how metabolic disorders can negatively impact neural stem cell activity. MDPI 2022-05-11 /pmc/articles/PMC9141892/ /pubmed/35628176 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms23105372 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Review Ghaddar, Batoul Diotel, Nicolas Zebrafish: A New Promise to Study the Impact of Metabolic Disorders on the Brain |
title | Zebrafish: A New Promise to Study the Impact of Metabolic Disorders on the Brain |
title_full | Zebrafish: A New Promise to Study the Impact of Metabolic Disorders on the Brain |
title_fullStr | Zebrafish: A New Promise to Study the Impact of Metabolic Disorders on the Brain |
title_full_unstemmed | Zebrafish: A New Promise to Study the Impact of Metabolic Disorders on the Brain |
title_short | Zebrafish: A New Promise to Study the Impact of Metabolic Disorders on the Brain |
title_sort | zebrafish: a new promise to study the impact of metabolic disorders on the brain |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9141892/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35628176 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms23105372 |
work_keys_str_mv | AT ghaddarbatoul zebrafishanewpromisetostudytheimpactofmetabolicdisordersonthebrain AT diotelnicolas zebrafishanewpromisetostudytheimpactofmetabolicdisordersonthebrain |