A case of sirenomelia associated with atrial septal defect: A rare case report

INTRODUCTION: and importance: Sirenomelia is a life-threatening condition caused by a rare developmental abnormality. According to the research, the incidence of sirenomelia is estimated to be between 1.5 and 4.2 per 100,000 newborns. Around 15% of cases of sirenomelia are related to a twin pregnancy, most commonly in monozygotic cases, with a 7% incidence. We're reporting on a mermaid syndrome case involving twins, one of whom was healthy and the other had sirenomelia. CASE PRESENTATION: An 18-year-old female and her first child arrived at the hospital maternity ward, and she had never been there before, and when an ultrasound was performed, it was discovered that she had two babies in her womb and on of them has clung to each other's legs, and a by elective cesarean section was performed to remove the babies, which resulted in the extraction of two boys, one of whom is healthy and the other is clinging to each other's legs. CLINICAL DISCUSSION: Sirenomelia is a deadly congenital condition that affects the caudal part of the embryonic body. Although the most evident feature is the fusing of the lower limbs, Approximately 49.5 percent of pregnancies are terminated voluntarily due to fetal malformations, according to reports. The abnormality is thought to be caused by a combination of genetic predisposition and a trigger element in the environment, while the exact cause is unknown and thought to be complex. In cases of surviving sirenomelia, treatment can be administered using a multidisciplinary approach. CONCLUSION: Mermaid Syndrome is a fatal congenital abnormality with a bleak outlook. Sirenomelia can be diagnosed by ultrasonography. Oligohydramnios and fused lower limbs are important symptoms that aid in diagnosis during the first trimester of pregnancy, with probable termination of the pregnancy indicated if identified early.